Assessment & Testing Flashcards
Appraisal means
the process of assessing or estimation attributes. (test clients through survey, observation, or clinical interviews).
The format of an essay test is considered…
subjective, the scorer’s opinion.
CPCE is a______test bc the scoring procedure is specific
objective
a short answer test is what
a free choice test
NCE/CPCE are examples of
forced choice. aka recognition items
What index shows the percentage of ppl who answered items correction
the difficulty index
a true/false test has what recognition item?
dichotomous, two opposing choices.
a normative test format …
each item is independent of all the rest
a client who partakes in a normative test
can see their performance compared to others who have taken it before
ipsative measure the person taking the test must compare items to one another. the result is
you cannot compare 2 or more ppl who have taken the ipsative test. it does not reveal absolute strength. (with-in person analysis)
a speed test
a timed typing test used to hire secretaries
power test
a counseling test consisted of 300 items forced response. The person taking it can take as long as they want
personality tests or interest inventories measure
typical performance
in a spiral test
the items get progressively more difficult
a cyclical test
several sections that are spiral in nature
a test battery
a horizontal test, several measures used to produce results that are more accurate than a single source
validity
the test measures accurately/ a test really measures what it is supposed to measure
reliability
show how consistent a test measures an attribute
what is more important? reliability or validity?
validity
content validity
rational or logical
construct validity
tests ability to measure a construct like IQ or self-esteem or ego strength ( a trait you CANNOT directly measure or observe).
concurrent validity
how well does the test compares to other instruments intended for the same purpose
consequential validity
social implications of using the test
Beware of …
a test being reliable yet not valid. it can have a high-reliability coefficient yet a low validity…reliability places a ceiling on validity yet validity does not limit reliability
Face Validity
appears to measure the intended attribute (does it look like it measures what it is supposed to?)
job test predicted future performance on a job very well…
it has high criterion/predictive validity
good concurrent validity
an IQ test yeilds results identical to other standard tests
predictive validity
GRE will predict the ability to handle graduate school
a reliable test is _____valid.
not always
a valid test is ______reliable.
always
test-retest reliability
same test given to the same group of ppl two time and then correlate the scores
equivalent/ alternate forms of reliability
give same pop alt forms of the identical test (aka counterbalancing)
testing reliability via split-half correlation method
counselor researching chose to split standard test in 1/2 by using even # of items as one test and odd # items on the second test and correlating them
Inter-Rater/inter-observer
useful in an essay test but not in a math test
reliability coeffecient of 1.00
perfect score with no errors
.90
an excellent counseling test would this coeffecient
career counselor is using a job selection test and an acceptable reliability coefficient would be_____or higher.
.80
Correlation btw 2 tests is .70. The true variance is…
49%. ( .70 x .70=.49 and .49x100=49%)
IQ means
intelligence quotient
Galton
researched and founf IQ is normally distributed like height or weight and is primarlity genetic
Fancis Galton found intelligence was
a unitary faculty
JP Guilford isolated 120 factors that added up intelligence and also..
thoughts on divergent and convergent thinking (two dimensions of his factor analysis)
Kuder-Richardson coefficients of equivalence
see if each item of the test is measuring the same thing.
cross-validation
examine criteria validity, most times cross-validation coeffecient is smaller than the initial validity aka “shrinkage”
1st IQ test est by…
Alfred Binet & Theodore Simon 1905
The Standard-Binet IQ test today
a standardized measure because scoring and administration is formal
IQ expressed by
MAxCA=100 (mental age and chronological age)
Binets stressed age-related tests a 9 y/o task would be…
50% of the 9 y/os could answer it right
Simon & Binet’s IQ test was formed to
discriminate which students with/without intellectual disabilitiy
Standford-Binet is used for 2-adulthood the IQ formula was replaced by…
SAS “standard age score”
Binet’s test seems to be
not the best for adults
best IQ test for 22 y/o single male would be…
WAIS-IV. administered/scored online, 60-90 min to complete, 10 areas of focus, measures IQ from 40-160. (based on cattell-horn-carrol theory of human intelligence)
best IQ test for 6th grade girls
WISC-IV bc it is recommneded for ages 6-16 years and 11 months.
best IQ test for a kindergartener
WPPSI-IV. 2-7 y/o and 7 months.
mean of Wechsler and Stanford-Binet IQ scales_____and the standard deviation is____.
100; 15 Wechsler, and 16 standford-binet.
Group IQ tests like Otis-Lennon and California Test of Mental Abilities are popular in school because
group tests are easier to administer
group IQ test started in
the army alpha and army beta in WWI
a culture-fair test
items are known to the sibject regardless of culture
Arthur Jensen wrote an article that sparked what?
the black v. white IQ controversy in 1969
1979 Larry P. v. Wilson Riles, Superintendent of public instruction, state of California: wechsler and binet on trial…
initially ruled that IQ tests are racially biased against black students and over represented in special education classes
MMPI-2 is
standardized personality test, est. in 1940, the minniesota multiphasic personality inventory-2 since 1989. known as self-report personality inventory. (true/false/or cannot answer to 567 q’s)
in a projective test the client is shown
a neutral stimuli
what is the 16 PF and who est. it?
Raymond B. Cattel. suitable for ppl 16+ that measures personality factors…
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator was est. by…
Carl Jung
counselor for prefers projective measures would be
psychodynamic clinician
an appitude test is_____as an achievement test is to_____.
potential (predicitve validity is important); what has been learned.
what are 2 examples of predicitive tests?
Rorschach and Thematic Apperception test (TAT)
what test would a counselor use to see if a client has neurological motoric difficulties?
Bender Gestalt II. discern if there is evident brain damage.
