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CPCE Exam 2024 > Counseling and Helping Relationships > Flashcards

Counseling and Helping Relationships Flashcards

1
Q

Freud is the father of psychoanalysis, this is a form of treatment and comprehensive personality theory. According to Freud’s theory, inborn drives (typically sexual) help form the personality. _____and______, who originally worked with Freud, created individual psychology and analytic psychology.

A

Alfred Adler (Individual); Carl Jung (analytic).

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2
Q
A
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3
Q

Eric Berne transactional analysis (TA) posits 3 ego states: child, adult, and parent. This roughly coincides with Freud’s structure theory that includes…

A

Id, ego, and superego

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4
Q

In transactional analysis (TA) ____is the conscience or the ego state concerned with the moral behavior, while Freud’s theory is____

A

Parent, superego

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5
Q

Freud felt that successful resolution of the Oedipus complex led to the development of The superego. This is done by…

A

Identification of with the aggressor, the parent of the same sex’s

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6
Q

Freudians refer to the ego as

A

The executive administrator of the personality and reality principles

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7
Q

Freud’s theory speaks of Eros and Thanatos. A client threatens self destruction is ruled by…

A

Thanatos (Greek word for death)

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8
Q

Id is present at birth and never matures. It functions out of awareness to satisfy instinctual needs

A

Pleasure principle, suggesting humans desire instinct gratification such as libido, sex, or thirsty

-Id “pleasure principle”
-ego “reality principle”
-superego “ideal ego”

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9
Q

If you think of the mind like a seesaw the fulcrum would be

A

The ego

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10
Q

Free association

A

A therapist says to a patient “say whatever comes to mind.”

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11
Q

Superego contains the ego ideal. Superego strives for ____rather than _____ like the id.

A

Perfection; pleasure

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12
Q

All these theorist would be associated with the analyst movement

A

Freud, Jung, and Adler

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13
Q

Systematic desensitization

A

Joseph Wolpe, developed this this paradigm. It is a form of behavior therapy based on Pavlov’s classical conditioning.

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14
Q

Scholars would assert that Freud’s 1900 “The interpretation of dream”was his most influential. dreams have…

A

Manifest and latent content

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15
Q

When a client projects unconscious feelings towards the therapist that they originally had toward a significant other is called

A

Transference

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16
Q

Which case is not associated with the psychodynamic movement?

A

Little Albert was a famous case from the work of John Watson.

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17
Q

In contrast to classical psychoanalysis, psychodynamic counseling…

A

Utilizes fewer sessions per week, doesn’t utilize the couch, and is performed face to face.

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18
Q

Talking about difficulties in order to purge emotions is a curative process known as

A

Catharsis or abreaction

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19
Q

Id, ego, superego is to structural theory as _____is to topographical theory

A

Unconscious, preconscious, and conscious,

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20
Q

The most controversial aspect of Freud’s theory is

A

The Oedipus complex

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21
Q

What is Subjective Units of Distress scale (SUDS)?

A

Evidence for the unconscious mind (process of introspection).

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22
Q

Preconcious mind

A

Capable of bringing ideas, images, and thoughts into awareness.

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23
Q

Unconscious process serve to a minimize anxiety and protect self
From severe id or superego demands

A

Ego defense mechanisms

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24
Q

Repression

A

According to Freud the most important defense mechanism is Repression…

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25
Q

Suppression (denial) differs from repression

A

Repression is automatics or involuntary

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26
Q

Sublimation

A

An aggressive person who becomes a boxer because they are displaying sublimation

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27
Q

An advertising agency imbeds SEX into an ad for center’s chemical dependency

A

None of the above! Sublimation, represssion, or introjection…

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28
Q

Displacement

A

A man who received a nickel raise but wanted a dollar raise goes home and yells at his wife

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29
Q

Sour grape relationalization

A

A students says they are not upset about a “F” grade that ruined his perfect GPA

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30
Q

Sweet lemon rationalization

A

A new counselor’s office does not have AC but the counselor insists she likes to sweat to keep her weight in check.

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31
Q

a client who integrated his father’s values into his thought patterns is a product of

A

introjection

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32
Q

interpretation in counseling

A

allows clients to be aware of their unconscious processes

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33
Q

organ inferiority is related to

A

Alfred Adler’s individual psychology

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34
Q

insight is when clients

A

have “aha” moments

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35
Q

C G Jung, the founder of analytic psychology, stated that men have logic, or the ____principle, while women have intuitive operation, or______.

A

Logos; eros

36
Q

mandalas used by who?

A

Jung used mandalas to analyze clients, himself, and dreams.

37
Q

_____emphasized need for superiority

A

Adler

38
Q

sibling interaction might have more power than parent-child interaction who believes this?

A

Alder

39
Q

neo-freudians highlight what in contrast to Freud?

A

social factors (Adler, Karen Horney, Erikson, Harry Sullivan…)

40
Q

introversion and extroversion is assoc. with

A

Jung

41
Q

Carl G. Jung is known for what instrument?

A

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) which is a widely used personality test. (12+ thru adulthood, 4 letter code. extroversion or introversion, sensing/intuition, thinking/feeling, and judging/perceiving.

42
Q

Rudolph Dreikurs

A

first to talk about the use of group therapy in private practice

43
Q

Adler stressed the ppl wish to belong…

A

this is called social connectedness

44
Q

Adler first used paradoxical techniques with clients who were afraid to give presentations he said

A

exaggerate the behavior and shake in fornt of the class

45
Q

Jung said society caused men to deny their feminine side_____and women to deny their masculine side____.

A

anima; animus.

46
Q

what skill is being used when a counselor points out inconsistencies in a client’s body language and what they are talking about

A

confrontation

47
Q

an example of a counselor concerned with symptom substitution

A

6 y/o client who stops sucking his thumb will resort to nail biting

48
Q

an eclectic counselor

A

chooses to use a theory based on the client’s situation

49
Q

the term electic is closely related to

A

Frederick Thorne

50
Q

countertransference

A

counselor’s past is projected onto the client

51
Q

who stressed the importance of birth order, lifestyle, and family constellation?

A

Adler

52
Q

BF Skinner’s reinforcement theory elaborated on

A

Edward Thorndike’s law of effect

53
Q

Who is known for classical conditioning?

A

Ivan Pavlov

54
Q

what is an unconditioned stimulus? (UCS)

A

association that naturally occurs like an animal salivation (unlearned thing)

55
Q

instrumental learning is

A

Skinner’s operant condition

56
Q

reflexes

A

respondent behavior

57
Q

all reinforcers

A

increase the likelihood that the behavior will occur

58
Q

true or false: all negative reinforcements are punishment

A

False.

59
Q

Pavlov’s experiment using dogs, the bell was ______and the meat was______.

A

CS; UCS

60
Q

John B. Watson’s name is associated with

A

Little Albert

61
Q

difference btw Pavlov and Skinner?

A

-Skinner is behavior modification, operant, and instrumental.
-Pavlov is behavior therapy, classical and respondent.

62
Q

what was the significan of the Little Albert experiment by John Watson and Rosalie Rayner?

A

a phobia can be learned

63
Q

John B Watson is to cause as Mary Cover Jones is to

A

cure. learning could serve as a treatment for phobias.

64
Q

higer-order conditioning

A

when new stimulus is paired with CS and takes on the power of CS

65
Q

EMG feedback

A

electromyogram and is used to measure muscle tension and is great for help with migraines

66
Q

what is EEG feedback?

A

electroencephalogram biofeedback, aka neurofeedback, is used to measure brainwaves.

67
Q

what is the rating on variable to fixed schedules?

A

(Most effective) VR, VI, FR, & FI (Least effective

68
Q

Joseph Wolpe est systematic desensitization…what does SUDS stand for?

A

subjective units of disturbance

69
Q

systematic desensitization consists of these steps

A

relaxation training, construction of anxiety hierarchy, desensitization in imagination, and in vivo desensitization.

70
Q

sensate focus is

A

behavioral sex therapy, couple is told to engage in touch/caressing to lower anxiety before sex is an option.

71
Q

implosive therapy

A

conducted in imagination and sometimes relied on psychoanalytic symbolism

72
Q

Flooding is

A

occurs when client is exposed to fear stimulus aka deliberate exposure with a response prevention.

73
Q

Logotherapy means

A

“healing through meaning” est. by Viktor Frankl and is existentialist.

74
Q

existentialist focus on

A

the here and now.

75
Q

Matt Buber’s I-Thou statement means

A

the relationship is horizontal and assumes equality btw ppl.

76
Q

William Glasser is part of

A

reality therapy, incorporates control/choice theory.

77
Q

beliefs of reality therapy

A

excuses are not accepted, unconcious is avoided, and therapy is focused on the present. When the past is brought up it focuses on successful behaviors

78
Q

Glasser’s position on mental illness is?

A

he rejects traditional medical model of disease and believes it gives ppl permission to act sick.

79
Q

Glasser’s theory became popular in education when he wrote

A

schools without failure

80
Q

Willam Glasser is to reality therapy as Albert Ellis is to_______

A

rational-emotive behavioral therapy (REBT).

81
Q

REBT therapist is teaching a client to change cognitions…

A

self-talk or internal verbalization

82
Q

philospher related to REBT

A

Epectetus, stoic man who suggested we feel the way we think.

83
Q

REBT suggests the ABC theory of personality

A

A. activating event
B. belief system
C. emotional consequence

84
Q

ABC theory continues with intervent D & E.

A

D. dispute irrational behavior
E. new emotional consequence

85
Q
A

CPCE Exam 2024 (10 decks)

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