Social conditions: Religion under the Tsars Flashcards
Orthodoxy under the Tsars?
-fate of Christ of saviour cathedral in Moscow shows past.
-associated with Tsardom
-late Tsardom saw a religious revival with religious meetings and prayers ect.
How many priests in 1914?
95,000
How many Jews lived in imperial Russia?
5M
How were Jewish people treated under Alexander II?
-confined to pale,
-allowed Jews who paid heavy taxes to live/grow in Russia
-skilled craftsmen anywhere.
How did Alexander III treat the Jewish population?
-pogroms
looting, burning down shops
-Jewish schools closed
-barred from holding office.
How many cities did pogroms happen in 1881 and 1883
12 and 4
What were the clauses of the ‘temporary rules of 1882’?
-ban from settling in rural areas
-office
-running schools/ Hebrew in books
-marrying a Christian
-the right to appeal.
What other restrictions did Alexander III place on to Jews during the 1880s and 1890s?
-No Jewish people at universities
-no practicing law without permission- did not happen
-deport foreign Jews and those outside the pale
-craftsmen law repealed.
-Jews banned from selling spirits.
When were Alexanders ‘softer’ rules on Jews reversed?
After the 1863 Polish revolt.
What were the consequences of the Tsars attitudes towards Jews?
-Jewish businesses sold
-decline in trade and profit
-pogroms regular.
-Jewish socialist movements.
How many Jews fled during alexander III’s regime and in ww1?
-225,000 Alex II
-2M WW1.
What was the Orthodox church used as under the Tsars?
-A form of social control.
What was the 1883 law of ‘old believers’
-could meet in houses not public.
-Nicky did this in 1905 allowed orthodox believers to convert others.
-restricted again in 1910
