Social conditions : Population Flashcards

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1
Q

When was the first census taken?

A

-1897

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2
Q

What can population figures before 1897 be described as?

A

‘guesstimates’

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3
Q

Why does the official census need to be treated with caution?

A

-inconsistent methods used to collect data.

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4
Q

When was the biggest spurt in population?

A

From 1870-1917 and interwar period

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5
Q

What were rising birth rates stimulated by?

A

-Witte’s great spurts and Stalin 5 year plans
-Higher chance of regular employment (people marry when its affordable)

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6
Q

What did industrialisation also stimulate?

A

Urbanisation- people moving to Moscow or St Petersburg for work

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7
Q

What did urbanisation lead to?

A

-Poor living standards.

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8
Q

Which government policy had a direct influence on demographics?

A

-The emancipation edict 1861-marry who they wanted
-civil marriage after October revolution- more families split up- divorce
-1926 abortion- revoked to when the mothers life is in danger- changed again

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9
Q

How did Stalin counter the increase in divorce after the October revolution?

A

-during the war: ‘distinctions to mother heroines’- ten or more children had substantial financial rewards.

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