Agricultural policies of Lenin Flashcards

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1
Q

What were the two main agricultural polices of Lenin?

A

-war communism
-The new economic policy.

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2
Q

Why was war communism introduced? (highly restrictive economic policies).

A

-efforts toward the civil war- the Bolsheviks wanted to win.

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3
Q

What was the key feature of war communism?

A

-forcefully taking grain off peasants who had ‘hoarded’ supplies.

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4
Q

What was the policy for war communism?

A

-forced centralisation + food for army
-nationalisation
-Military needs priority.

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5
Q

How was grain requisitioning enforced?

A

-cheka 1918 sent by force
1918-21- Cheka systematically terrorised the countryside.

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6
Q

How many ‘Kulaks’ were hung under the system of ‘grain requisitioning’?

A

-100.

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7
Q

Who were blamed for food shortages?

A

The Kulaks

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8
Q

What was the name of the uprising which caused by the systematic terror caused by the cheka administering grain requisitioning?

A

The Kronstadt uprising.

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9
Q

What happened in the Kronstadt uprising?

A

-protest of workers and sailors
-wanted no more Bolsheviks
-violently supressed.

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10
Q

What were the consequences of war communism?

A

-famine
-US had to provide food for 10M Russians.

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11
Q

What did Lenin use famine to destroy?

A

-orthodox church
-shot priests.

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12
Q

Why was the NEP introduced?

A

-meet need for food.
-state terror had not made the peasants produce more.

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13
Q

What did the NEP restore?

A

-a mixed economy.

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14
Q

What were the main policies of the new economic policy?

A

-grain requisitioning stopped and replaced with tax
-peasants could keep and sell surpluses.
-public market restored.

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15
Q

Who were the main opponents of war communism?

A

-Trotsky
-Prob.

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16
Q

What did Trotsky argue about war communism?

A

-A betrayal of the proper revolutionary strategy.
-creating a new class of profiteers.

17
Q

What were the new class of profiteers named?

A

Nepmen.

18
Q

What were the consequences of the new economic policy?

A

-higher employment in urban areas
-factionalism

19
Q

What did Lenin do to ‘combat factionalism’?

A

-banned it
-condemned the workers opposition who opposed war communism.
-outlawed any other party- Bolsheviks needed to be the Vanguard elite.

20
Q

Who was Nikoali Bukharin?

A

-boosted Bolsheviks
-supported and praised NEP
-became Lenin’s closest colleague.