Social Cognitive Theory - Bandura Flashcards
Was Bandura a behaviourist and then a cognitive psychologist?
-no he was always a cognitive psychologist
What was the big problem Bandura had with the philosophical theories of behaviourism?
-how does someone know to do the behaviour in the first place? they must recognize there will be a reward which is a cognition which goes against the theory
What are the 7 important things Bandura does throughout his career in chronological order? (7)
-observational learning
-triadic reciprocal causation
-self-efficacy
-self-regulation
-human agency
-moral agency
-collective efficacy for global change
Define observational learning
-Learning by observing the behaviour and consequences of another person, without engaging in the behaviour oneself
What are three terms under the umbrella of observational learning?
-modelling
-vicarious reinforcement (overt)
-cognitive modeling (covert)
Define modelling.
-Learning by observing and imitating the behavior of others.
Define vicarious reinforcement
-Learning by seeing someone else get rewarded for a behavior, making it more likely you’ll copy that behavior.
Define cognitive modeling. Example (2)
-Learning by observing not just behavior but also the thought processes or reasoning behind it, often explained verbally.
-teacher solving a math problem on the board while explaining their thought process out loud.
What are the four processes of observational learning? (4)
-attention (see it, focus on it)
-representation (occurs in memory through rehearsal)
-Production (do it, with self-monitoring)
-Motivation (want it)
Briefly describe Bandura’s bobo doll experiment.
-bobo dolls are inflatable large toys that are meant to be punched. Adults would model a behaviour and they would observe a young Childs reaction and behaviour following this
What did the Bobo experiment’s show?
-that children observing aggressive models are much more likely to act aggressively themselves
What are the three components of the triadic reciprocal causation? (triadic reciprocal determinism)
-behaviour, environment, personal/cognitive factors
What does the triadic reciprocal causation say?
-there are three variables including what’s inside the person, their behaviour and what’s in their environment and that these are continuously interacting
Give one example of the personal factors inside the triad.
-cognitive abilities as well as the body
Give one example of the environment factors inside the triad.
-physical surrounding, the people around you
Give one example of the behavioural factors inside the triad.
-motor response, verbal and social interactions
If you were a behaviourist, how would you change the triadic reciprocal causation?
-they would remove the personal factors
What is success according to Bandura?
-self-efficacy and resilience
What is self-efficacy according to Bandura?
-the belief that one has the ability to perform specific behaviours that lead to desirable outcomes
What four factors influence self-efficacy? From most to least important (4)
-previous results/past experiences
-vicarious experience (observation of self and others)
-verbal persuasion (coaching and feedback)
-physiological state
What is self-regulation broken down into?
-internal and external factors
What are internal self-regulation factors? (3)
-self-observation
-judgement process (going to assess my performance internally and externally)
-self-reaction (what am I going to do about these judgements)
What are the external factors within self-regulation?
-evaluation standards
-reinforcement
What is human agency according to Bandura?
-human beings have the capacity to exercise control over their lives
According to Bandura, when it comes to human agency it is not __________; it is a _________ __________ with the environment.
-autonomy; dynamic interaction
_______ ______ is the essence of humanness.
-human agency
What components does human agency have? (4)
-intentionality
-forethought
-self-reactiveness
-self-reflectiveness
Define intentionality
-planning and intention to carry out an action,
Define forethought
-what I need to do to achieve it
Define self-reactiveness
-monitoring myself and making adjustments along the way
Define self-reflectiveness
-examination of myself in context
You can’t have ______ ________ without self regulation.
-moral agency
Self-regulatory processes are subject to compromising processes. What are these? (2)
-Selective Activation
-Disengagement of Internal Control
What are the four ways self-regulation goes morally bad? (4)
-Redefinition of behaviour
-Disregard or distort consequences of behaviour
-Dehumanization or blame of victims
-Displace or diffuse responsibility
What is collective moral disengagement?
-like during bullying, essentially groupthink
Evaluate social cognitive theory. (7)
Generate research: very high
Allow falsifiability: high
Organize info: high
Guide practical action: very high
Maintain internal consistency: very high
Maintain parsimony: high
What does Bandura say about religion?
-nothing really, not emphasized
What is collective efficacy for global change?
-a sense of peoples ability to band together and collectively do something
What is the structure of social cognitive theory by Bandura?
-an agentic self system: a complex of self-regulating cognitive processes
What is the development aspect of social cognitive theory by Bandura?
-triadic reciprocal determinism
What is the pathology aspect of social cognitive theory by Bandura?
-dysfunctional behavior from faulty cognitive processes
Describe the assumptions about human nature for social cognitive theory by Bandura.
-free choice
-optimistic
-future and past
-conscious
-both social and biological
-variable
-unique
