Social Cognitive Theory - Bandura

Question 1

Was Bandura a behaviourist and then a cognitive psychologist?

Answer 1

-no he was always a cognitive psychologist

Question 2

What was the big problem Bandura had with the philosophical theories of behaviourism?

Answer 2

-how does someone know to do the behaviour in the first place? they must recognize there will be a reward which is a cognition which goes against the theory

Question 3

What are the 7 important things Bandura does throughout his career in chronological order? (7)

Answer 3

-observational learning
-triadic reciprocal causation
-self-efficacy
-self-regulation
-human agency
-moral agency
-collective efficacy for global change

Question 4

Define observational learning

Answer 4

-Learning by observing the behaviour and consequences of another person, without engaging in the behaviour oneself

Question 5

What are three terms under the umbrella of observational learning?

Answer 5

-modelling
-vicarious reinforcement (overt)
-cognitive modeling (covert)

Question 6

Define modelling.

Answer 6

-Learning by observing and imitating the behavior of others.

Question 7

Define vicarious reinforcement

Answer 7

-Learning by seeing someone else get rewarded for a behavior, making it more likely you’ll copy that behavior.

Question 8

Define cognitive modeling. Example (2)

Answer 8

-Learning by observing not just behavior but also the thought processes or reasoning behind it, often explained verbally.
-teacher solving a math problem on the board while explaining their thought process out loud.

Question 9

What are the four processes of observational learning? (4)

Answer 9

-attention (see it, focus on it)
-representation (occurs in memory through rehearsal)
-Production (do it, with self-monitoring)
-Motivation (want it)

Question 10

Briefly describe Bandura’s bobo doll experiment.

Answer 10

-bobo dolls are inflatable large toys that are meant to be punched. Adults would model a behaviour and they would observe a young Childs reaction and behaviour following this

Question 11

What did the Bobo experiment’s show?

Answer 11

-that children observing aggressive models are much more likely to act aggressively themselves

Question 12

What are the three components of the triadic reciprocal causation? (triadic reciprocal determinism)

Answer 12

-behaviour, environment, personal/cognitive factors

Question 13

What does the triadic reciprocal causation say?

Answer 13

-there are three variables including what’s inside the person, their behaviour and what’s in their environment and that these are continuously interacting

Question 14

Give one example of the personal factors inside the triad.

Answer 14

-cognitive abilities as well as the body

Question 15

Give one example of the environment factors inside the triad.

Answer 15

-physical surrounding, the people around you

Question 16

Give one example of the behavioural factors inside the triad.

Answer 16

-motor response, verbal and social interactions

Question 17

If you were a behaviourist, how would you change the triadic reciprocal causation?

Answer 17

-they would remove the personal factors

Question 18

What is success according to Bandura?

Answer 18

-self-efficacy and resilience

Question 19

What is self-efficacy according to Bandura?

Answer 19

-the belief that one has the ability to perform specific behaviours that lead to desirable outcomes

Question 20

What four factors influence self-efficacy? From most to least important (4)

Answer 20

-previous results/past experiences
-vicarious experience (observation of self and others)
-verbal persuasion (coaching and feedback)
-physiological state

Question 21

What is self-regulation broken down into?

Answer 21

-internal and external factors

Question 22

What are internal self-regulation factors? (3)

Answer 22

-self-observation
-judgement process (going to assess my performance internally and externally)
-self-reaction (what am I going to do about these judgements)

Question 23

What are the external factors within self-regulation?

Answer 23

-evaluation standards
-reinforcement

Question 24

What is human agency according to Bandura?

Answer 24

-human beings have the capacity to exercise control over their lives

Question 25

According to Bandura, when it comes to human agency it is not __________; it is a _________ __________ with the environment.

Answer 25

-autonomy; dynamic interaction

Question 26

_______ ______ is the essence of humanness.

Answer 26

-human agency

Question 27

What components does human agency have? (4)

Answer 27

-intentionality
-forethought
-self-reactiveness
-self-reflectiveness

Question 28

Define intentionality

Answer 28

-planning and intention to carry out an action,

Question 29

Define forethought

Answer 29

-what I need to do to achieve it

Question 30

Define self-reactiveness

Answer 30

-monitoring myself and making adjustments along the way

Question 31

Define self-reflectiveness

Answer 31

-examination of myself in context

Question 32

You can’t have ______ ________ without self regulation.

Answer 32

-moral agency

Question 33

Self-regulatory processes are subject to compromising processes. What are these? (2)

Answer 33

-Selective Activation
-Disengagement of Internal Control

Question 34

What are the four ways self-regulation goes morally bad? (4)

Answer 34

-Redefinition of behaviour
-Disregard or distort consequences of behaviour
-Dehumanization or blame of victims
-Displace or diffuse responsibility

Question 35

What is collective moral disengagement?

Answer 35

-like during bullying, essentially groupthink