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PSYC 2283 - Personality > Rogers: Humanistic > Flashcards

Rogers: Humanistic Flashcards

1
Q

Which force is humanistic theory? Essentially, what order in history did it occur?

A

-third

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2
Q

Who are the two main theorists in the humanistic perspective? (2)

A

-Roger’s
-Maslow

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3
Q

What two people influenced young Roger’s?

A

-Otto Rank and Taft

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4
Q

What movement influenced young Roger’s?

A

-progressive education

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5
Q

What inspired Roger’s to come up with the “newer therapy”?

A

-he wanted a therapy that was pragmatic that worked

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6
Q

What are the aspects of the “newer therapy”? (4)

A

-relies on the individuals ability and drive to grow
-more emphasis on feelings
-more emphasis on present than past
-the therapeutic relationship itself is incredibly useful, it is a growth relationship

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7
Q

What is the actualizing tendency?

A

-drive within every individual to grow and develop their fullest potential, move from simple to complex

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8
Q

What is the organismic self?

A

-the brain and body

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9
Q

What is the organismic valuing process?

A

-frame of reference that allows an individual to know if their experience is in accordance with their actualizing tendency, essentially will this experience help me grow or not

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10
Q

How do we know if something is in accordance with our actualizing tendency?

A

-if it helps you maintain or enhance what you have

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11
Q

The actualizing tendency accounts for human motives, which motives does this include? (2)

A

-maintenance needs
-enhancement needs

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12
Q

What are maintenance needs?

A

-the need to survive and keep the status quo

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13
Q

What are the enhancement needs?

A

-need for growth and development

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14
Q

What is self-actualization?

A

-realizing their full potential and fulfillment

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15
Q

What is a subset of the actualizing tendency?

A

-self actualization

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16
Q

What is the self? What are the two component subsystems under the self? (2)

A

-only humans have this, it’s the parts of experiences associated with I, me and mine
-self concept and ideal self

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17
Q

What is the self concept?

A

-the self we perceive ourselves being, it’s our subjective interpretation of who we are

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18
Q

What is the ideal self?

A

-as it name sounds, it is the self we want to be

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19
Q

What are the 2 components that make up the self?

A

-self-concept and ideal self

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20
Q

What is experience? What about awareness? (2)

A

-everything that is going on in a humans environment at a given moment in time
-we can become aware of all of it, but we are not aware of everything

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21
Q

When does or how does experience enter awareness?

A

-when it is symbolized (words, sounds, images)

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22
Q

What is the phenomenological field?

A

-it’s inside of us, and is composed of all inner experiences in the moment, including what you are and are not conscious of

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23
Q

What is synonymous with the subjective reality that directs our behaviour?

A

-phenomenological field

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24
Q

What is the medium of the self-concept?

A

-awareness

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25
Q

What are the three levels of awareness? (3)

A

-ignored or denied
-distorted
-accurately perceived

26
Q

How is the self-concept made? (2)

A

-contact with another
-positive regard

27
Q

What is positive regard?

A

-being cared for and accepted by others

28
Q

What produces positive self regard?

A

-when you experience positive regard

29
Q

What did Roger’s say psychological health was? (2)

A

-when we have a positive self regard that is autonomous, we don’t have to lean on others to feel good for ourselves
-congruence between different selfs

30
Q

What do you mean by congruence between different selfs? (2)

A

-between your own opinion of your self (self-concept) and your real self or what others think you are (organismic self)
-between self-concept and ideal self

31
Q

What does congruence, autonomous positive self regard and overall psychological health require?

A

-unconditional positive regard

32
Q

What is unconditional positive regard?

A

-not conditional on behaviours

33
Q

What happens if you don’t get this unconditional positive regard?

A

-psychological maladjustment

34
Q

What are the five psychological maladjustments? (5)

A

-conditions of worth
-incongruence
-anxiety and threat
-defensiveness
-disorganization

35
Q

What are conditions of worth?

A

-we have to do certain things to get love, external evaluations

36
Q

What is incongruence?

A

-there is a gap between real self and self-concept

37
Q

What does incongruence cause?

A

-anxiety and threat

38
Q

What is defensiveness?

A

-distorting or even denying reality to pretend to be more like my ideal self

39
Q

When we look at psychological maladjustment, are all of these equal or does it go down the list and get worse?

A

-people start at the top things and go down, not everyone hits every step

40
Q

What is disorganization?

A

-they deny their denial, they have breakdowns

41
Q

Can you ever have a perfect overlap between the self-concept and real self (organismic self)?

A

-no

42
Q

What is the structure of Roger’s theory?

A

-self

43
Q

What is the developmental aspect of Roger’s theory?

A

-self actualization supported by unconditional positive regard

44
Q

What is the disordered aspect of Roger’s theory?

A

-incongruence from conditions or worth

45
Q

What seeds from the open Christian discussion group did Roger’s develop that helped him develop his future therapy? (2)

A

-freedom of choice
-no external authority or direction

46
Q

Where does Roger’s say we find our sense of direction, our authority and our choices?

A

-within themself

47
Q

What is humanism truly?

A

-that we ourselves are the ultimate authority

48
Q

What has Roger’s been critiqued for? (2)

A

-that his theories promote selfishness and egotism
-that his theories don’t work under religion

49
Q

What is Roger’s theory and therapy both called?

A

-person centered theory and client centered therapy

50
Q

What are the three aspects of client-centered theory that guide our understanding of it? (3)

A

-conditions
-process
-outcomes

51
Q

What did Roger’s changed the word patient for in therapy?

A

-client

52
Q

What are the most important conditions? (3)

A

-congruence
-unconditional positive regard
-empathy

53
Q

What are the most important conditions? (3)

A

-congruence
-unconditional positive regard
-empathy

54
Q

What is congruence?

A

-being genuine and authentic

55
Q

What is congruence?

A

-being genuine and authentic

56
Q

Describe the process stages (7).

A
  1. Rigidity of self-perception: no recognition of the problems, they don’t exist
  2. Dim recognition of problem: recognizes problem in others but not self
  3. Self treated as object: talks about future or past feelings, but not present
  4. Partial recognition of feelings: beginning awareness of present feelings
  5. Improved recognition of feelings: expresses present feelings without fully understanding them
  6. Acceptance of feelings: freer awareness of experience
  7. New feelings experienced freely: full awareness of experience and unified self (called persons of tomorrow)
57
Q

What are the outcomes of client centered therapy when the six conditions are met? (3)

A

-more congruent between self concept and organismic self as well as ideal self and self concept (genuine)
-less defensive
-more open to experience

58
Q

What is Roger’s view of science?

A

-that much of our experiments are subjective, and that we try to make the empirical method objective

59
Q

What is the q-sort?

A

-deck of 100 cards with qualities on them and asks people to sort every card based on most like you and least like you

60
Q

Describe the assumptions about human nature for Roger’s theory (7)

A

-free choice
-optimistic
-future focused because of actualizing tendency
-conscious
-biological with actualizing tendency and social with self regard
-varied because we are all moving towards self actualization
-uniqueness

61
Q

Evaluate Roger’s person centered theory

A

-generates research: moderate
-allow falsifiability: high
-organize knowledge: high
-guide practical action: very high
-internal consistency: very high
-maintain parsimony: high

PSYC 2283 - Personality (10 decks)

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