Social cognition Flashcards
what is social cognition
cognition about people
what suggests that humans are social animals
we have specialized brain areas for social cues
being social does not mean…
thinking about thought -> bees and ants are social too!
self-reflexive thought
human beings can see themselves as objects/entities separate from the world, and look at their own behaviour as an observer
self recognition in monkeys and chimpanzees
can recognize themselves in the mirror, therefore maybe share our capacity for self reflexive thought
egocentric
object-self
Where is an object relative to me? Where is food/a mate/a predator?
Representation changes when we move
allocentric
object-object
Where is an object relative to other objects? E.g., your hands are connected to your arms
Representation does not change when we
move
disruption of self image in humans 2 vormen
– Fugue state
– Dissociative identity disorder
fugue state
temporary/permanent loss of autobiographical
memory
dissociative identity disorder
- ook wel multiple personality disorder
- Behaviour seems to be controlled by separate identities
which brain areas are involved in self reflection and self image?
- default mode network -> inward focussed attention
- limbic/paralimbic system -> interoception (senses perceiving the internal state of the body)
default mode network waar zit het
klein beetje voor en veel achter in het brein
default mode network facts
Active when a person is not focused on the
outside world and the brain is at wakeful rest
When you think about yourself there’s more
activity in the default mode network than
when you think about other things
When retrieving autobiographical memory,
the default mode network is active
TMS on the medial parietal cortex sometimes
blocks the retrieval of self-knowledge
when is the medial prefrontal cortex (dorsal mode network) not deactivated (stays activated)….
making trait judgements about self (wel about friends or lettercase), or looking at pictures you have taken (vs pictures others have taken)
interoception which brain part is activated
ACC
ACC when active
during subjective experience of negative emotions and pain
insula when active
during interoception (voelen van dingen in je eigen lichaam zoals hartslag etc)
welk deel van brein: subjective experience negative emotions and pain
ACC
is eerste deel van die soort c vorm die om de thalamus enzo heen zit
welk deel van brein: interoception
insula (=limbic/paralimbic system). en ACC
zit onder bovenste laag.
embodiment
the feeling that you are in your own body
necessary for:
- self-location (where am i)
- egocentric space representation (where am i going)
which brain regions for embodiment
- extrastriate body area
- temporoparietal junction
extrastriate body area
EBA
active when you imagine your own body (probably for visual representation of your body)
vooral achter bij occipital lobe
temporoparietal junction
when imagine body rotations
zit op grens parietal - temporal
experiment temporoparietal junction
One hand with a grey glove and black strap
Make right-left judgments after having imagined yourself to be in the body position of the figure.
Interference with the TPJ by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) at this time impaired mental transformation of one’s own body in healthy volunteers relative to TMS over a control site. Dit gebeurde niet bij de interparietal sulcus, alleen bij temporoparietal junction. No such TMS effect was observed for imagined spatial transformations of external objects, suggesting the selective implication of the TPJ in mental imagery of one’s own body.
Dus: TPJ is a crucial structure for the conscious experience of the normal self, mediating spatial unity of self and body, and also suggest that impaired processing at the TPJ may lead to pathological selves such as OBEs.
