Social Class and Achievement |External Factors: Cultural Deprivation Flashcards
social class, achievement, theories, sociologists, etc.
Social Class and Achievement:
What is Cultural Deprivation?
Term used for an individual who lacks norms, values, skills and knowledge.
Who studies ‘Language’?
Hubbs-Tait.
Explain the restricted codes.
Informal speech with colloquial ‘slang’.
Explain the elaborated codes.
Formal speech; used mostly by the middle class.
How do middle class parents use the elaborated codes?
M/c parents use language that challenges their children to evaluate their own understanding.
What are ‘educated’ parents most likely to use in their speech?
Words of praise; sense of own competence.
What is the working class’ speech often to reffered to as?
[not restricted, but the phrase of which it lacks].
The idea that their speech is ‘context-bound and context-free.’
How do middle class parents use cognitive performance to challenge their children?
Hubbs’ study.
Asking evaluative questions such as; ‘What do you think?’
Who backs up Hubbs-Tait?
Feinstein.
What is a criticism of the theory on ‘language’?
Tronya and Willams- problem isn’t the child’s language but the school’s attitude towards it.
basis on parental aspirations.
What is another specific criticism of language?
Cultural Deprivation.
Who studies ‘Parents’ Education’?
Douglas.
What does Douglas say about w/c parents’ value on education?
Place less value and have lower ambitions for their children.
How can you describe the middle class parents’ parenting style as opposed to the w/c?
Consistent; discpline.
How do high expectations affect achievement at school?
More focus on learning time and class work.
What are the criticisms of ‘parent’s education’?
Nell Keddie- Cultural Deprivation.
Social class and background.
What does Blackstone and Mortimer argue about the ‘parents’ education’?
May not be able to attend parents’ evening due to long working hours.
Who studies ‘Working-class subcultures’?
Sugarman.
What does Sugarman say there is 4 of?
Key features that act as a barrier to achievement.
Name the all of the 4 subcultures.
Explain.
Fatalism- idea that whatever comes, comes and they leave it up to fate to decide. M/C have high hopes for their future because they have the materials to succeed.
Collectivism- being part of a group with the same kind of people is good so that it makes them more inclusive.
Immediate gratification- seeking pleasure now rather than making sacrifices now to get rewards.
Present time orentaiton- the idea that you see the present is more impactful than the future as they do not have any goals. M/C believe they have a bright future and have high goals.
What is a criticism of Sugarman’s 4 subcultures?
Keddie- victim blaming theory; failure can’t be blamed on a culturally deprived home background.
