Social Ch 9 (W6-b)

Question 1

prosocial behavior

Answer 1

actions by individuals that help others

Question 2

empathy

Answer 2

—the capacity to be able to experience others’ emotional states, feel sympathetic toward them, and take their perspec- tive
-we want to help others to get rid of negative feelings
components:
-emotional empathy ( sharing the feelings and emotions of others),
-a cognitive component (perceiving others’ thoughts and feelings accurately.0
empathic accuracy (involves feelings of concern for another’s well-being)

Question 3

empathy-altruism hypothesis

Answer 3

The suggestion that some prosocial acts are motivated solely by the desire to help someone in need.

Question 4

Empathetic accuracy

Answer 4

• accurately understanding other’s feelings

- higher empathetic accuracy–> more likely to be kind and not be bullied, have better frienships etc

Question 5

empathic joy hypothesis

Answer 5

The view that helpers respond to the needs of a victim because they want to accomplish something, and doing so is rewarding in and of itself.
Helping lead to positive emotions
- gaing positive feelings

Question 6

kin selection theory

Answer 6

A theory suggesting that a you help the once with your own genes ( relatives) because you want your genes to be passed on

Question 7

defensive helping

Answer 7

Help given to members of outgroups to reduce the threat they pose to the status or distinctiveness of one’s own ingroup.

Question 8

diffusion of responsibility

Answer 8

More people see an accident less likely they to take an action because they think that someone else will take a responsobility

Question 9

Five steps to determine to help or not

Answer 9

1) noticing/ or not that something unusual happened
2) Correctly interpreting event as an emergency. ( if others do not reply to it as an emergency you are not likely to help-pluralistic ignorance0)
3) deciding that it is your responsibility
4) deciding that you have skins and knowledge to help
5) making final decision to proceed help

Question 10

social exclusion

Answer 10

Conditions in which individuals feel that they have been excluded from some social group.

Question 11

Receiving help

Answer 11

Receiving help does not always generate positive reactions in the recipients. In fact, under some con- ditions, they are more likely to experience feelings of resentment and unwanted obligations to the helper.