Organizational ch4 (W5-a) Flashcards
Perception
is the process by which individuals organize the input from their senses (vision, hearing, touch, smell, and taste) to give meaning and order to the world around them.
Components of preception
- The perceiver is the person.
- The target of perception is whatever the perceiver is trying to make sense of.
- The situation is the context in which perception takes place.
What is important in organization for motivation?
fair and equitable treatment is impor- tant when it comes to motivating employees
What influences reception of perceiver?
Their experience or knowledge (schemas), their needs and desires (motivational states), and their feelings (moods) filter information into their perceptions of reality
Schema
An abstract knowledge structure stored in memory that makes possible the organization and interpretation of information about a target of perception.
-they are functional and help us organize world around us
Stereotype
A set of overly simplified and often inaccurate beliefs about the typical characteristics of a particular group.
One way to avoid stereotyping in work place?
One way to do so is to encourage members of an organization to think about the characteristics that really affect job performance and not irrelevant characteristics like age, race, or gender. Discriminating against or treating employees differently because of their gender, .
perceiver’s motivational state
the perceiver’s needs, values, and desires at the time of perception—influences his or her perception of the target
Like schemas, motivational states can result in inaccurate perceptions and faulty decision making.
perceiver’s mood
how the perceiver feels at the time of perception—can also influence perception of the target
salience of the target and it’s consequences
the extent to which the target stands out in a group of people or thing
- People who stand out usually feel more self conscious
- Does affect how a target is pereived.
- Individuals who are salient are often perceived in more extreme terms (positive or negative)
- Salient individuals are more likely to be stereotyped
bias
is a systematic tendency to use or interpret information in a way that results in inaccurate perceptions.
Primacy effect
firs pice of information always have a disproportional effect to how is object evaluated
Contrast effect
The reception of the target influenced by reception that observer have on other nearby targets
Hallo effect
The general perception of someone influence the view on that person in certain dimension
Similar to me effect
we like people who are similar to us
