Social-Attachment Flashcards
John Bowlby
Founder of the attachment theory
Stages of attachment
Pre-attachment phase
Indiscriminate attachment phase
Discriminate attachment period
Multiple attachment phases
Pre-attachment phase
Recognize their primary caregiver but do not yet have an attachment
Indiscriminate attachment phase
infants show a distinct preference for the primary caregivers and certain secondary caregivers in their lives.
Discriminate attachment phase
Child form a solid attachment to one individual and experience separation distress and anxiety when parted from that person
Multiple attachment phases
Children develop strong attachments to people beyond the primary caregivers
Konrad Lorenz
Discovered the theory of imprinting
Did the experiment by hatching ducklings and watching as they imprinted on the first thing they see.
Imprinting
phenomenon within animals where they form an extremely close and dependent bond with the first animal they see after being born.
Harry Harlow
Psychologist that cdiscovered the physical closeness and contact that provides the comfort and security that a child needs for normal development
Harry Harlow’s monkey experiment
Separated Monkeys from their mothers shortly after birth and raised by surrogate wire monkey mothers
One of the “mothers” was made from the wire while the other was covered with a soft class
The result was Harlow discovering that regardless of whether or not the cloth covered mother provided food, the infant monkey would cling to her for comfort.
Contact comfort
Infant’s need for physical closeness and touching
Mary Ainsworth
Developmental psychologist that created the three main styles of attachment, secure attachment, anxious avoidant attachment and anxious resistant attachment
Secure attachment
Securely attached children seek comfort when frightened and prefer parents to strangers
Anxious-ambivalent attachment
Distrust of a person whom you are in a close relationship with and is associated with depression and self-esteem
People who have this, feel like others cannot be trusted and you may have a hard time committing to the relationship
It can be caused by caregivers who were inconsistent and unpredictable in how they respond to their child’s needs.
Unreliable in their child’s eyes
Avoidant attachment
Extremely independent, self-directed, and often uncomfortable with intimacy.
This can be caused by caregivers that are reserved and seem to back off when the child reaches out for support, reassurance and affection.
