Cognitive development

Question 1

Jean Piaget

Answer 1

Psychologist that developed the theory of cognitive development

Question 2

What cognitive abilities develop in cognitive development

Answer 2

Perception, Attention, Memory, Thinking, Language, Executive functioning

Question 3

Schemas

Answer 3

Categories of knowledge that help us interpret and understand the world

Question 4

Assimilation

Answer 4

take in new information or experiences and incorporate them into our existing ideas

Question 5

Accommodation

Answer 5

the modification of an existing schema to understand (accommodate) new information

Question 6

Four cognitive development stages

Answer 6

Sensorimotor Stage
Preoperational Stage
Concrete Operations Stage
Formal Operations Stage

Question 7

Sensorimotor Stage

Answer 7

Occurs from birth to 2 years old

Where infant and toddlers acquire knowledge through sensory experiences and manipulating objects
Understand actions have consequences

Object permanence develops

Question 8

Object Permanence

Answer 8

The concept that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen

This develops during sensorimotor stage

Question 9

Preoperational Stage of Cognitive Development

Answer 9

Ages: 2 to 7 years
Think symbolically and learn to use
words and pictures to represent objects
Tend to be egocentric
Gets better with language and thinking

Question 10

The Concrete Operational Stage of Cognitive development

Answer 10

Ages 7-11 years
Understand concept of conservation
Thinking becomes more logical and organized
Begin to use inductive logic
Becomes less egocentric
Struggle with abstract and hypothetical concepts
Understanding reversibility

Question 11

Formal Operational Stage of Cognitive Development

Answer 11

Ages 12 and up
Thinking abstractly and reason about hypothetical problems
Use deductive logic and reasoning

Question 12

Reversibility

Answer 12

Children start understanding it in the concrete operational stage and its means that actions can be reverse

An example of reversibility is that a child might be able to recognize that his or her dog is a Labrador, that a Labrador is a dog, and that a dog is an animal.

Question 13

Conservation

Answer 13

Starts to become understood in the concrete operational stage n which the child understands that changing the form of a substance or object does not change its amount, overall volume, or mass.

Upon pouring the contents of one glass into another, taller and thinner glass, the child should say that the water is still the same amount between the two glasses.

Question 14

David Elking

Answer 14

Psychologist that discovered adolescent egocentrism

Question 15

Adolescent Egocentrism

Answer 15

Happens between the ages of 11-16

Characterized by exaggerated self-awareness and inability to differentiate between one’s own perceptions and the perceptions of others

Teens in this stage are preoccupied with what others think of them
They may think that everyone percieves the world as they do

Question 16

Imaginary Audience

Answer 16

Psychology state which people have a mistaken impression that people are intently listening or watching them

Question 17

Personal Fable

Answer 17

Adolescents feel special, as if nobody could understand how they feel. They feel as if they live in their own fable

Question 18

Cognitive triad

Answer 18

Depressed individual’s negative outlook about one’s self, the world and the future.