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Psychology > Developmental Psychology > Flashcards

Developmental Psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

Developmental psychology

A

Branch of psychology that studies systematic changes that occur during the lifespan

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2
Q

Stages of development throughout the life span

A

Prenatal period
Infancy period
Toddler period
Preschool period
Middle childhood
Adolescence
Young adulthood
Middle adulthood
Late adulthood

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3
Q

Longitudinal study

A

Researchers repeatedly examine the same individuals to detect any changes that might occur over a period of time

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4
Q

Cross-sectional study

A

Type of research design in which you collect data from many different individuals at a single point in time

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5
Q

Physical development

A

Prenatal
Early childhood
Adolescence
Adulthood
Older age

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6
Q

Stages of prenatal physical development

A

Germinal stage
Embryonic stage
Fetal stage

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7
Q

Prenatal complications

A

Problems with the placenta and teratogens

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8
Q

Teratogens

A

Environmental influence or agent that may harm the developing embryo or fetus

Examples: Alcohol and drugs, nicotine, pollution, undercooked meat and fish infections and viruses

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9
Q

Germinal stage

A

the zygote begins to divide in order to implant into the uterine wall

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10
Q

Embrynic stage

A

Stage of prenatal development from implantation through about the eighth week of preganncy. This is where major organ systems begin to form

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11
Q

Fetal stage

A

Stage of prenatal development in which the fetus develops, beginning around the ninth week of pregnancy and lasting until the birth of the child

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12
Q

Ovulation

A

The release of an egg cell from an ovary

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13
Q

Ovaries

A

The fmeale gonads which secretes estrogen and progesterone and produce mature egg cells

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14
Q

Fallopian tube

A

Straw-like tube between the ovary and the uterus through which an ovum passes after ovulation

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15
Q

Zygote

A

Fertilized egg cell

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16
Q

Fertilization

A

Union of sperm and ovum

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17
Q

uterus

A

Female reproductive organ which nurtues the fertilized ovum

18
Q

Embryo

A

Developing organism at early stage of prenatal development

19
Q

Neural tube

A

Area in the embryo from which the nervous system develops

20
Q

Amiotic sac

A

Uterine sac that contains fetus

21
Q

Placenta

A

Organ that provides for utrients and waste materials between mother and fetus

22
Q

Rubella

A

Common childhood disease that can lead to serious birth defects if contracted by mother

22
Q

Fetus

A

Developing organism in the later stages of prenatal development

23
Q

Spina bifida

A

neural tube defecti n which the chold is born with a hole in the tube surrounding the spinal cord.

24
Q

Sudden infant death syndrome

A

The sudden and unexplained death of infants usually occur that when they’re asleep in their cribs

25
Q

Reflexes

A

Unlearned, automatic response to a stimulus

26
Q

Rooting reflex

A

The reflexive turning of a newborn’s head in the direction of a touch on the cheek

27
Q

Eyeblink reflex

A

The reflexive blinking of the eyes that protects a newborn from bright light and roeign objects

28
Q

Sucking reflex

A

Rhymthmic sucking in response to stimulation of tongue or mouth

29
Q

Moro reflex

A

Inborn reInborn reflex from a sudden noise, where infants extend their arms and arch their back and bring their arms towards each other

30
Q

Palmer grasp reflex

A

The relfexive curling of an infant’s fingers around an object that touches the pain

31
Q

Babinski reflex

A

The reflexive fanning out and curling of the infant’s toe and inward twisting of the foot when the sole of the foot is stroked

32
Q

Childhood physical development

A

Brain development, motor development and physical development

33
Q

How puberty is signaled

A

Hypothalamus triggers the GnRH
It is then sent to the pituary gland
Pituary gland makes the reproductive stimulating hormones
Sends to reproductive organs
They make testoesterone, estrogen and progestrone

34
Q

Puberty relationship with the brain

A

Development of more mature and efficient brain networks

35
Q

Front

A

Critical thinking and planning

36
Q

Bottom curve

A

Learning and memory

37
Q

How puberty affects learning

A

Unused connections in the prefrontal cortex are pruned.
Other connections strengthened.
The brain becomes more efficient with info processing and organization,
Hormones attach to brain cells, S
Striatum development opens us up to feedback-based learning,
Stratum development opens us up to reward-based learning.

38
Q

Adolecent physical development ages

A

Females = 8-15
Males = 9-15

39
Q

Adult Physical Development

A

Women —> Menopause
Men —> Andropause

Psychology (12 decks)

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