social anxiety disorder

Question 1

t or f: SAD diagnosis is given if patient has at least 5/7 symptoms

Answer 1

false, all 7

Question 2

the primary fear of SAD is ____

Answer 2

the negative evaluation from others

Question 3

SAD DSM criteria

Answer 3

• marked fear/anx abt 1+ social situations in which person is exposed to possible scrutiny of others
• person fears that they will act in a way or show anx symptoms that will b neg evaluated
• social sitches almost always provoke fear/anx
• social sitches are avoided or endured w intense fear/anx
• fear or anx is out of proportion to the actual threat posed by social sitch and sociocultural context
• the fear, anx, or avoidance is persistent (6+ months)
• fear, anx, or avoidance causes clin sig distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning

Question 4

canadian prevalence of SAD

Answer 4

• lifetime: 8-13%
• 1 year: 6.7%

Question 5

t or f: SAD is twice as common n women than men

Answer 5

true

Question 6

SAD age of onset and comorbidity rate

Answer 6

• childhood/early adolescence, 66.2%

Question 7

most comorbid disorder w SAD

Answer 7

MDD, also substance abuse

Question 8

cognitive behavioural model of SAD

Answer 8

• social situation>activates assumption>perceived social danger <>processing self as a social object OR/THEN >Safety behaviours OR/THEN>somatic cognitive symptoms

Question 9

processing self as social object

Answer 9

• not just you, you in relation to others
• place high value on others opinions
• on display for everyone to perceive

Question 10

example of avoidance when in a social situation for SAD

Answer 10

• substance abuse
• only helps in short term
• fuels fear of social sitch
• negative reinforcement

Question 11

in a study attempting to see SAD’s association w increased vigilance to social threat cues, what was the difference between participants with and w out SAD

Answer 11

• those w SAD had more eye movement between eyes and mouth than those without
• those w SAD focused more on eyes than others

Question 12

What can be an early indicator that SAD may develop

Answer 12

• behaviour inhibition (early childhood temperament factor that involves fear of novelty, related to shyness and social reserve in pre/elementary school)
• not all get SAD but it is the biggest risk factor
• personality is not determined by birth but risks can be

Question 13

diathesis stress model

Answer 13

• psychopathology results from interaction of internal vulnerability factors (ex genetic, temperament) and external triggers (ex stress learning/modeling)

Question 14

environmental moderators of SAD

Answer 14

• parental anxiety (diathesis and/or stress)
• insecure attachment (high parental rejection/low warmth)
• stressful social experiences (ex rejection, victimization)

Question 15

paediatric anxiety treatment

Answer 15

treatment of a parent’s anxiety

Question 16

environmental moderators: minority stress theory

Answer 16

• adverse mental health outcomes in individual identifying as sexual minorities result from:
• external stressors (discrimination, rejection, and violence, non affirmation of gender identity)
• internal stressors (fear of future discrimination, mistrust of others, internalized neg beliefs abt identity, stress of concealment)

Question 17

gender minority stress and SAD

Answer 17

• repeated exposure to discrimination, victimization, and rejection>expectations of future neg experience
• non-affirmation of gender identity>embarrassment, shame or threat>avoidance of social interactions
• internalized transphobia>expectations of rejection>avoidance of social situations

Question 18

in vivo exposure

Answer 18

gradual exposure to fear situations in order to extinguish fear
- ex for SAD: eating in front of others, performing, talking to others, public speaking, etc
- ex for panic disorder: driving, public transportation, bridges, crowds, waiting in line, elevators, etc

Question 19

fear avoidance hierarchy

Answer 19

• a technique used in CBT to collaboratively tackle fear from small to large
• list fear in order from biggest to smallest and indicate units of distress for each one
• for SAD/PD also indicate avoidance rating

Question 20

common elements of CBT therapy for anxiety disorders

Answer 20

• encourage clients to take a third person, observer perspective
• what is the evidence that maladaptive thoughts are true?
• catastrophizing: whats the worst that can happen
• probability overestimation: how likely is (xyz) to happen
• cultural competence: explore and validate thought and feelings around sexual identity and exposure to minority stress, link thoughts and feelings to current avoidance

Question 21

Interoceptive exposure for panic disorder

Answer 21

• fully induce panic attack symptoms (ex rapid breathing, running in place)
• exposure to the psychological symptoms of panic
• purpose is to remove conditioned response that physical sensations cause panic
• removes ‘fear of fear’