anx. panic disorder

Question 1

panic disorder DSM criteria

Answer 1

• at least one of the panic attacks has been followed by at least 1 month by 1+ of the following: persistent concern about having additional attack, worry abt implications of attack/consequences, significant change in behaviour related to attack
• recurrent unexpected panic attacks and at least 4 symptoms:
• palpitations, pounding heart
• sweating
• trembling/shaking
• shortness of breath/smothering
• choking feeling
• chest pain
• nausea
• dizziness
• derealization/depersonalization
• parasthesis
• chills/hot flashes
• fear of losing control/going crazy
• fear of dying

Question 2

panic disorder prevalence

Answer 2

• 12 month: 2.4% (1.6% in Canada)
• lifetime: 4.7% (3.7% in Canada)

Question 3

panic disorder is ___ as common in women than men

Answer 3

2x

Question 4

panic disorder’s age on onset is _____ and _____% of diagnosed have a comorbid disorder

Answer 4

early 20s, 93.7% (mean of 4.5 additional disorders)

Question 5

difference between HPA axis sign and panic symptoms manifesting and reaction to symptoms

Answer 5

• HPA= you are not aware of all symptoms as you are focusing on the situation ie there is a reason/blame for the symptoms
• Panic disorder: when symptoms come out of the blue, it is hard to explain or divert attention, so peoples brains try to put logic to situation thus spreading the fear
• in short, clearly threatening trigger>correctly attribute panic to legit fear OR no clear threat trigger> attribute panic to going crazy, heart attack or dying

Question 6

simply, panic disorder is a fear of ____

Answer 6

fear (anxiety sensitivity)

Question 7

ppl w panic disorder misinterpret __________ as signs of imminent catastrophe

Answer 7

bodily sensations

Question 8

Cognitive behavioural model of panic disorder

Answer 8

trigger stim (ex twinge in chest)>perceived threat (ex heart attack)>(avoidance)>emotional (ex i am afraid)>physiological (ex dizziness/chest panic)>cognitive (ex i am going to die)
- goes in a loop
- occurs in usually 10 mins

Question 9

dif between agoraphobia and panic disorder

Answer 9

• agoraphobia=distressing/impairing avoidance, panic disorder w/out the panic or previous experience w panic

Question 10

cognitive, classical conditioning, and operant conditioning in relation to panic disorder

Answer 10

• cognitive: catastrophic thoughts intensify physiological sensations and fear/panic (thinking abt it makes it worse)
• classical: previously neutral situations become associated with panic sensations
• operant: avoidance is maintained by negative reinforcement (ex dont drive>feel relief)

Question 11

In a study on evidence for cog model for panic disorder what was found to increase percent of panic attack

Answer 11

• if the person has panic disorder and read panic words (ex dying-suffocating)
• if person has panic disorder and inhaled co2

Question 12

anxiety sensitivity index

Answer 12

• self report scale
• symptoms are perceived as threatening
• higher score sig predict greater panic symptom response to 35% co2 challenge in individuals w panic disorder
• higher score=more likely to have panic attack

Question 13

what percent of score were found to be due to genetics in a study of familial transmission of anx sensitivity w MZ and DZ twins

Answer 13

45%

Question 14

daughters of mothers with lifetime prevalence of panic disorder were found to have ________

Answer 14

heightened attentional bias to stressful stimuli