OCD

Question 1

diagnostic features of OCD

Answer 1

• obsessions
• compulsions

Question 2

examples of obsessions

Answer 2

• contamination
• responsibility for harm/mistakes
• symmetry/order
• unacceptable thoughts w immoral, sexual, or violent content

Question 3

obsessions

Answer 3

recurrent, persistent thoughts/urges/images that are intrusive/unwanted, which person tries to ignore, suppress or neutralize

Question 4

compulsions

Answer 4

• repetitive behaviours/mental acts that intended to prevent or reduce anxiety/distress or to prevent a dreaded event that person is driven to do
• to neutralize an obsession or prevent an event even though the behaviour/mental acts are not reasonably related to obsession or are excessive

Question 5

examples of common compulsions

Answer 5

• decontamination
• checking
• repetitive routine activities
• ordering and arranging
• mental rituals

Question 6

OCPD

Answer 6

• high on perfectionism
• personality traits ex excessive perfectionism, inflexibility, and need for control
• negatively impact relationship and functioning

Question 7

OCD vs OCPD

Answer 7

• ODC: ego-dystonic (against ego), OCPD: ego-syntonic (w ego)
• OCD: not grounded in reality, OCPD: focus on everyday rules
• OCD=more distressing

Question 8

OCD canada prevalence, onset and sex ratio

Answer 8

• prevalence: 1-2%
• onset: early 20s
• sex ratio: 1:1

Question 9

t or f: women w OCD have higher prevalence w tic and substance abuse and higher sexual/religion obsesseions

Answer 9

• false, above is true for men
• for women, greater comorbidity w depression and higher contamination/cleaning

Question 10

response to intrusive thought for ppl w out OCD

Answer 10

stimulus>intrusive thought>distraction

Question 11

cognitive model of OCD

Answer 11

stimulus/trigger>hyper vigilance/scanning>intrusive thought>perceived threat (intolerance of uncertainty, thought action fusion, overestimation of threat)> neutralization/compulsion (neg reinforcement)>rebound effect (starts back at intrusive thought)

Question 12

dysfunctional beliefs of OCD

Answer 12

• inflated responsibility: actions have stronger affect on world than they actually do/one has power to cause/duty to prevent neg outcomes
• overestimation of threat: neg events are likely and unmanageable
• exaggeration of importance of thoughts: thought action fusion, mere presence of thought indicates that it has occurred
• need to control thoughts: belief that complete control over thoughts is needed and possible
• perfectionism: belief that mistakes and imperfection
• uncertainty: belief that its needed and possible to be 100%v certain that neg outcomes will not occur/intolerence for anything below 100%

Question 13

consequences of neutralization/compulsion

Answer 13

• paradoxical increase in thought frequency
• hyper vigilance to thought triggers
• terminates exposure to thought (prevent new learning)
• negative mood>increases salience and accessibility of thought
• spread activation

Question 14

ERP

Answer 14

• exposure and response prevention
• exposure to obsessive stim and prevent compulsive response
• helps to habituate to the obsessed distressed
• learn that fear outcomes are less likely/less severe than anticipated
• eventual extinction of obsessed anxiety

Question 15

erp exercises ex

Answer 15

• contamination/washing: touch a fear and withhold washing ex hold dog poop

Question 16

hoarding

Answer 16

• distinct OCD subtype
• extreme fear of throwing things away (houses have been threatened to be condemned in many cases)

Question 17

Medication treatment of OCD

Answer 17

• SSRIs and SRI (doesn’t always minimize symptoms)
• in ppl that have partial response, low dose anti psychotic medication (risperidone, aripiprazole)

Question 18

In a study with OCD patients, what was the outcome of some getting risperidone and some erp

Answer 18

• both decreased the severity of OCD symptoms, with erp having a more significant drop