Soc 19- Short Term Effects Of Physical Activity Flashcards
Effects on the muscles
Muscle fatigue is when you exercise, your muscles can feel weak, painful and tired
This usually occurs as a result of anaerobic respiration. Your cells need oxygen to provide energy for your muscles. Otherwise there will be a build up of lactic acid a process called lactate accumulation
This process causes your muscles to feel painful and tired
Effects on the heart
When you exercise your heart beats faster. Your heart rate is the number of times your heart beats per minute.
A trained athlete heart rate is likely to be lower than that of someone who is not as fit.
Additionally, the time it takes for the heart to return to its resting heart rate after exercise is a good indicator for how fit you are.
The higher your cardiac output, the better your physical performance
Elite athletes can have an output of 35 litres of blood
Effects on your breathing
When you exercise you need to bring in more oxygen and get rid of more carbon dioxide. Therefore as you exercise the depth and rate of your breathing increases.
What is stroke volume?
Stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped by the heart during each beat. This will increase during physical activity as the muscles will require more blood.
What is cardiac output?
Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped by the heart in one min
What is the cardiac output equation?
Cardiac output = stroke volume x heart rate
What is cramp and how is it caused?
Cramp is a severe sort of muscle fatigue, which causes the muscles to contract in a pain full way. It can be affected if a sportsman is hot, tired, dehydrated or has a poor fitness levels
How do you increase stroke volume?
When someone trains regular, their heart becomes more efficient and the stroke volume increases. Therefore the heart rate decreases. The heart increases in size, thickness and strength. This enables athletes to perform at a high intensity.
How much blood is in your body and how quick can it all pass through your heart?
Your body holds around 6litres of blood and all the blood can pass through the heart in one minute
What is oxygen debt?
When you exercise hard, you use up more oxygen than you take in. This shortfall creates oxygen debt
