Smoking and infertility

Question 1

percent of adults to smoke

Answer 1

17.8%

Question 2

pregnancy complications associated with smoking

Answer 2

preterm delivery, PPROM, placenta previa, placental abruption, IUGR, perinatal mortality

Question 3

effects of smoking on fertility

Answer 3

increased infertility, decreased fecundity and increased time to conception

Question 4

effects of smoking on menopause

Answer 4

occurs 1-4 years earlier

Question 5

mechanism of earlier menopause in smoking

Answer 5

accelerated follicular depletion

Question 6

average decrease in sperm concentration for men who smoke

Answer 6

22%

Question 7

increased risk of ectopic pregnancy with more than ____ cigarettes per day

Answer 7

20

Question 8

men whose mothers smoked more than____ cigarettes a day had lower sperm densities

Answer 8

10

Question 9

PPCOSII trial showed a 80% lower odds of live birth when

Answer 9

both partners smoked

Question 10

smokers require _______ the number of IVF cycles to conceive as nonsmokers

Answer 10

twice

Question 11

follicular fluid in women who smoked show

Answer 11

increased heavy metal cadmium, lipid peroxidation (oxidative stress) and continine

Question 12

five step approach to smoking cessation

Answer 12

ask, advise to quit, assess willingness, assist, arrange follow up

Question 13

first line treatment for smoking cessation

Answer 13

nicotine replacement therapy, buproprion or varinecline

Question 14

MOA of varinecline

Answer 14

partial agonst of alpha4-beta2 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (reduces withdrawal symptoms and decreases rewarding effects)

Question 15

MOA of buproprion

Answer 15

upregulate noradrenergic and dopaminergic activity (limits rewarding effects)

Question 16

nicotine levels in recommended doses of nicotine replacement therapy is roughly equivalent to

Answer 16

10 cigarettes

Question 17

much of the reduced fecundity associated with smoking can be reversed within

Answer 17

1 year of cessation