Evaluation of the azoospermic male

Question 1

diagnosis of azoospermia

Answer 1

no sperm is identified in the centrifuged pellet of two separate semen samples

Question 2

classification used by ASRM for azoospermia

Answer 2

obstructive (post-testicular), non-obstructive central (pre testicular) and non obstructive testicular

Question 3

azoospermia with normal size testes and normal FSH

Answer 3

obstructive

Question 4

azoospermia with elevated FSH

Answer 4

testicular

Question 5

azoospermia with low gonadotropins and low/low-normal testosterone

Answer 5

central NOA

Question 6

minimal initial evaluation for azoospermia

Answer 6

FSH and T; complete (LH, free T, estradiol and prolactin)

Question 7

abnormal level of FSH

Answer 7

> 7.6

Question 8

first steps for men with low ejaculate volume, normal FSH and testis volume

Answer 8

determinations of collection error and post ejaculatory urinalysis to evaluate for retrograde

Question 9

diagnostic tests for ejaculatory duct obstruction

Answer 9

semen pH less than 7.2, absent fructose, and a transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) to evaluate dilation of seminal vesicles or ejaculatory ducts

Question 10

dilated seminal vesicles defined as

Answer 10

> 1.5cm

Question 11

10-15% of CBAVD with CFTR mutations are associated with

Answer 11

unilateral renal agenesis

Question 12

diagnosis of unilateral of bilateral vasal agenesis

Answer 12

palpation on physical exam

Question 13

75% of men with CBAVD have

Answer 13

CFTR mutations

Question 14

% of chromosomal abnormalities in azoospermic men

Answer 14

10-15%

Question 15

% of chromosomal abnormalities in oligospermic men

Answer 15

5%

Question 16

Y microdeletions can be identified using

Answer 16

PCR

Question 17

location of YCMD

Answer 17

long arm of Y

Question 18

counseling for men with AZF-c undergoing ART in regards to their offspring

Answer 18

male offspring will inherit the abnormality and will have severe oligospermia or azoospermia