smartbook questions Flashcards
The concept that protein molecules embedded in a plasma membrane form a shifting pattern within the phospholipid bilayer is called the _____mosaic model.
fluid
With regard to tonicity, two solutions that have the same concentrations of nondiffusible solutes and water are said to be _______
isotonic
The salt concentration of human blood is normally 0.9%. Therefore, what happens to red blood cells that are placed in a solution containing 0.01% salt?
hemolysis
Which statement best describes the net movement of oxygen across the plasma membrane of a metabolically active animal cell?
Oxygen molecules are being consumed inside the cell, so there is a net movement of oxygen into the cell.
The regulation of microtubule assembly is under the control of a microtubule organizing center called the ___
centrosome
Which of the following conditions can result from abnormal cilia and/or flagella?
- recurring respiratory infections
- infertility due to lack of egg movement in females
- infertility due to immobile sperm cells in males
During cell division of eukaryotic cells, the microtubules of the cytoskeleton form spindle fibers, which assist in _____
movement of chromosomes
Adhesion junctions do what?
Connect the cytoskeletons of two adjacent cells
Gap junctions do what?
Form communication channels between cells.
Tight junctions do what?
Connect cells by a zipper-like barrier
The segments of DNA that contain the information needed to produce specific proteins are called____
genes
The nuclear envelope of a cell connects most directly to which organelle?
ER
Chromatin, which coils tightly during cell division to form chromosomes, is made of which types of molecules?
NUCLEIC ACIDS
PROTEINS
the five cellular organelles that are part of the endomembrane system.
lysosomes Golgi apparatus vesicles nuclear envelope endoplasmic reticulum
The overall term for all the chemical reactions that occur in a cell is __
metabolism
When an end product of a metabolic pathway inhibits an enzyme that is active early in the pathway, this is called ____inhibition
feedback
Another name for the reactant of an enzymatic reaction is the ___
substrate
During which part of cellular respiration is carbon dioxide released?
Krebs cycle
Glyclosis occurs where?
Cytoplasm
Proteins can directly enter the cellular respiration pathways at which stages? Select all that apply.
Krebs and Glycolysis
Whats the order of cellular respiration?
Glycolysis, Krebs, ETC
The digestion of fats produces ___ , which can be converted to pyruvate to enter glycolysis.
glycerol
The removal of an amino group from an amino acid before using it as an energy source is called _____
deamination
The electron transport chain is located in what part of eukaryotic cells?
mitochondrial cristae
During aerobic cellular respiration, most of the energy that allows a cell to produce ATP is derived from which specific process?
Electrons passing between carrier proteins of the electron transport chain
Which of the following are products of yeast fermentation?
alcohol and carbon dioxide
In eukaryotic cells, what is the location of the ATP-synthase enzyme complex that produces most of the ATP during aerobic cellular respiration?
Inner mitochondrial matrix
Which protein filaments are bundled together to form cilia?
Microtubules
In an experiment in the laboratory, a small colored molecule is injected into one cell. Within minutes, the molecule has entered the adjacent cells. What type of junctions connect these cells?
Gap junctions
