SMALLS FINAL PAST QS BASED ON KIDNEY & URINARY SYSTEM Flashcards
Fanconi syndrome is not characterized by ?
Prox. Tubular acidosis
Central diabetes insipidus
Aminoaciduria
Glycosuria
Central diabetes insipidus
Renal amyloidosis is typically NOT caused by?
Chronic inflammatory process
Neoplastic process
Chronic liver disease
Genetic causes
Chronic liver disease
IRIS substages of CKD are based on?
Serum albumin and blood pressure
Blood pressure and serum phosphate
Serum phosphate and proteinuria
Proteinuria and blood pressure
Proteinuria and blood pressure
Which of the following uroliths is surely radiodense?
Struvite
Ca oxalate
Ammonium urate
Cystine
Ca oxalate
… is/are NOT typical symptoms of IRIS stage 1 CKD?
Limping, dyspnoea because of thromboembolism
Acute blindness because of hypertension
PU/ PD
Anemia, metabolic acidosis
Acute blindness because of hypertension
The application of this drug is NOT recommended to improve the appetite of cats with CKD?
Mirtazapine
Vit B complexes
Maropitant
Pantoprazole
Pantoprazole
The second most common lower urinary tract disease of cats?
Prostate diseases
Idiopathic cystitis
Urolithiasis
Bacterial cystitis
Urolithiasis
When should you think of Leptospirosis in a dog? In case of concomitant… which answer is wrong?
Azotemia, fever and jaundice
Elevated liver enzymes and creatinine
Occurrences of markedly dilated renal pelvises and fever
Occurrences of fever and azotemia
Elevated liver enzymes and creatinine
Which of the following protocols is to be followed in case of acute obstruction form of FLUTD?
Stabilisation perineal urethrostomy
Stabilisation cystocentesis
Stabilisation urinary bladder expression
Stabilisation urethral catheterisation
Stabilisation urethral catheterisation
Until what level is it recommended to increase the Ht with EPO/darbepoetin therapy in CKD?
Until 22-25%
Until 30%
To normal range
Success of treatment does not depend on Ht value
Until 30%
Renal cysts are?
Mainly incidental findings
Which statement is incorrect concerning prostate ultrasonography?
a. It can detect fluid accumulation within the organ
b. It can detect parenchymal hypertrophy
c. It can differentiate cyst from abscess
d. It provides possibility of core biopsy
c. It can differentiate cyst from abscess
Mark the INCORRECT statement!
a.Benign prostatic hyperplasia predisposes to malignant prostate tumor
b.Adenocarcinoma and transient cell carcinoma are the most common forms of prostate cancer in dogs.
c.Castration reduces the size of the non-neoplastic prostate but does not affect the progression of neoplastic processes
d.Prostate carcinoma in a dog is NOT an androgen-dependent tumo
a.Benign prostatic hyperplasia predisposes to malignant prostate tumor
Which statement is wrong?In acute kidney failure, mannitol infusion…
A…should only be given to a previously rehydrated patient.
B…can be repeated up to 5 times in case of anuria (max. 2 times)
C…can be repeated many times if diuresis is present.
D…is recommended in oliguric renal failure.
B…can be repeated up to 5 times in case of anuria (max. 2 times)
True about benign prostatic hyperthrophy:
A Prostate enlargement is usually asymmetric
B Ultrasound examination can show cysts in the prostate
C An important element of treatment is antibiotic therapy
D An important element of treatment is the administration of androgens
B Ultrasound examination can show cysts in the prostate
Mark the INCORRECT statement!
a.Benign prostate hyperplasia predisposes to acute prostatitis
b.Bacteriological examination of urine is suitable in all cases for the detection of bacteria present in the prostate
c.Bacteriological examination of fraction 3 is suitable for the detection of the pathogen infecting the prostate
d.In case of prostatitis, at least 4-6 weeks of antibiotic treatment with lipophilic and basic antibiotics are required
b.Bacteriological examination of urine is suitable in all cases for the detection of bacteria present in the prostate
Which is NOT an indications for dialysis treatment:
a. Anuric acute kidney injury
b. Polyuric acute kidney injury unresponsive to fluid therapy
c. Chronic renal failure, renal fibrosis
d. Removal of toxins in case of acute toxicosis
b. Polyuric acute kidney injury unresponsive to fluid therapy
Mark the INCORRECT statement!
a.Surgical castration is an effective therapy for Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
b.Chemical castration (e.g., Deslorelin implant) may be suitable for the treatment of Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
c.In case of benign prostatic hyperplasia, administration of a 5α reductase inhibitor can reduce the size of the prostate while maintaining fertility.
d.In benign prostatic hyperplasia, osaterone acetate (a testosterone receptor inhibitor) may reduce prostate size, but fertility may be significantly impaired
d.In benign prostatic hyperplasia, osaterone acetate (a testosterone receptor inhibitor) may reduce prostate size, but fertility may be significantly impaired
Treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy in dogs
A. Only together with paraprostatic cysts surgery
B. Even in asymptomatic cases castration, based on US-diagnosis, large dose of estrogens
C. Only in symptomatic cases castration, finasteride
D. Only in symptomatic cases surgical removal of the gland
C. Only in symptomatic cases castration, finasteride
Which one of the following is the most likely diagnosis in cats in case of haematuria?
A. FIC (Feline idiopathic cystitis)
B. Urolithiasis
C. Neoplasma
D. Bacterial cystitis
A. FIC (Feline idiopathic cystitis)
The following is NOT true about polycystic kidney disease:
a. is often asymptomatic
b. Renal abscesses may develop in case of bacterial infection of the cysts
c. Ultrasound examination is required to make a diagnosis
d. Treatment is often surgical
d. Treatment is often surgical
What is not a characteristic symptom of early stage benign prostate enlargement?
a. Bloody preputial discharge
b. Stranguria
c. Hematuria
d. Deteriorating sperm quality, tail defects of sperm
d. Deteriorating sperm quality, tail defects of sperm
Paraprostatic cysts are…
A…caused by ascending infections (e.g. E.coli)
B…caused by prostatic tumor or squamous metaplasia
C…remnants of the Müllerian-duct or retention cysts
D…small fluid filled cavities
C…remnants of the Müllerian-duct or retention cysts
Important aspects of fluid therapy during acute kidney injury. Choose the wrong answer!
a. dehydration %
b. urine production
c. daily insensible losses
d. urine specific gravity
d. urine specific gravity
Most important sign of benign prostatic hypertrophy in dogs?
a. Fever, alopecia, inappetence
b. Blood dripping from urethra between urinations
c. Macroscopic haematuria
d. Clear urine at the beginning of urination, blood in urine at the end of urination
b. Blood dripping from urethra between urinations
What contrast medium would you choose for double contrast cystography?
a. iodinated contrast and barium sulfate
b. air and barium sulfate
c. iodinated contrast and air
d. air only
c. iodinated contrast and air
3 most common causes of polyuria/polydipsia in cats
chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, hyperthyreosis
Hyperthyreosis, diabetes mellitus, bacterial cystitis
Bacterial cystitis, diabetes insipidus, hyperthyreosis
Chronic kidney diseases, bacterial cystitis, diabetes mellitus
chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, hyperthyreosis
Treatment to maintain fertility in benign prostatic hyperplasia
Finasteride
pecific urate caused by ascending bacterial infection?
struvite
What will you see in the urine when you have an immune complex tubulo nephropathy?
- proteins
Prolongs the survival of dogs and cats with CKD ?
- urinary diet
Diabetes insidious which is correct?
a. clinical manifestation: PU/PD, hyoersthenuria
b. the most effective drug in the central form is desmopressin
c. the ADH production of the kidneys is insufficient in the nephrogenic form
d. diagnosis: modified water deprivation test, ADH stimulation test
b. the most effective drug in the central form is desmopressin
Hyperthyroidism of cats: therapeutic options
a- thyroidectomy, radiography, melthimazole, low iodine diet
b. parathyroidectomy 131l IV, methimazole, low iodine diet
c. thyroidectomy 99Tc IV methimazole, low sodium diet
d. parathyroidectomy 131I IV fenbendazole, low iodine diet
a- thyroidectomy, radiography, melthimazole, low iodine diet
acromegaly: causes
a. dog: pituitary tumor cat: estrogen treatment, mammary gland, ovarian cyst
b acquired GH deficiency
c. congenital GH excess
d. dog: progestogen treatment, cat: pituitary tumor
d. dog: progestogen treatment, cat: pituitary tumor
which breed is predisposed for Cushing syndrome?
- greyhound
. cocker spaniel - English bulldog
- Karelian beardog
- dachshund
- dachshund
( alos poodle, yourkie, vizsla, boxer.
