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3. Comparative 2 > Small mammals 1 pt 4 > Flashcards

Small mammals 1 pt 4 Flashcards

1
Q

gerbil sebaceous gland location

A

ventral abdominal

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2
Q

hamster sebaceous gland location, type

A

– androgen-dependent dorsal flank

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3
Q

Rats, Mice, Gerbils, and Hamsters
- tail characteristics

A
  • R, M – long and hairless
  • G – long and hairy, degloving
  • H – short and hairy
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4
Q

gerbil footpads

A
  • G – hindfeet covered in fur, cannot grip
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5
Q

Rats, Mice, Gerbils, and Hamsters
- how much mammary tissue

A

extensive, tactile vibrissae

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6
Q

Rats, Mice, Gerbils, and Hamsters
- musculoskeletal characteristics

A
  • G – long hindlegs, good jumpers * All – delicate skeleton, os penis
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7
Q

ventral marking gland or pad in gerbils - what is this?

A
  • Gerbils of both sexes have a distinct orange-tan oval area of alopecia on the midventral region
  • The gland is androgen-dependent and therefore more prominent in males.
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8
Q

Rats, Mice, Gerbils, and Hamsters
- eyes and their glands, characteristics

A
  • All – harderian glands, porphyrin → chromodacryorrhea (red lacrimal secretion)
    <><>
  • R – protruding, reduced nictitating membrane (plica semilunaris)
  • R – retro-orbital venous plexus
    <><>
  • M, H – retro-orbital venous sinus
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9
Q

Rats, Mice, Gerbils, and Hamsters
- ear gland

A

Zymbal’s gland – auditory
sebaceous gland

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10
Q

Rats, Mice, Gerbils, and Hamsters
- nose gland

A
  • Steno’s gland – lateral nasal gland
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11
Q

Rats, Mice, Gerbils, and Hamsters
- diet

A
  • Various, often omnivorous
  • Some coprophagy, B vitamins
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12
Q

Rats, Mice, Gerbils, and Hamsters
* OralCavity

A
  • Small mouth
  • H – cheek pouches, feed and bedding
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13
Q

Rats, Mice, Gerbils, and Hamsters
- teeth

A
  • 2 x (I1/1 C0/0 PM0/0 M3/3) = 16
  • Only incisors are aradicular elodont
    – lower > upper
    <><><><>
    Molars are:
  • Brachyodont: short clinical crown
  • Anelodont: not continuously growing
  • Bunodont: occlusal surface with rounded enamel cusps
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14
Q

Rats, Mice, Gerbils, and Hamsters
- intestines structure and function

A

Structure
* Relatively smaller cecum
<><>
Function
* R – some cecal fermentation
* G – desert animal, efficient water absorption

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15
Q

what myomorph has no gall bladder?

A

rat

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16
Q

Rats, Mice, Gerbils, and Hamsters
- breathing

A

obligate nasal

17
Q

Rats, Mice, Gerbils, and Hamsters
- gerbil and hamster kidney considerations

A
  • G – 96% long loop nephrons, concentrated urine
  • H – concentrated urine
18
Q

Rats, Mice, Gerbils, and Hamsters
- male urogneital characteristics

A
  • Open inguinal canals
  • Urethral plug
19
Q

Rats, Mice, Gerbils, and Hamsters
- uterus

A

Bicornuate uterus; level of fusion varies with species

20
Q

Ferrets
- type of animal
- general diet, lifestyle

A
  • Mustelid
  • Predator
  • Carnivore
  • Nocturnal
  • Terrestrial and fossorial
21
Q

Ferrets skin
- hair and glands

A
  • Heavy seasonal shed (Spring and Fall) – clipped hair
  • Active sebaceous glands – musky, yellow/orange, oily
  • Anal gland – often removed when 5-6 weeks old
22
Q

Ferret senses

A

Poor eyesight, great sense of
smell

23
Q

Ferrets GI - what can they do that lagomorphs and rodents can’t?

A

Can vomit (unlike lagomorphs and rodents)

24
Q

Ferrets teeth

A
  • 2 x (I3/3 C1/1 PM3/3 M1/2) = 34
  • All brachyodont, anelodont
25
Q

ferret digestive system

A
  • Simple, no cecum or appendix
  • GI transit time 3-4 hours
26
Q

ferret pancreas shape

A
  • V-shaped
27
Q

ferret spleen considerations

A
  • Marked enlargement common – benign extramedullary hematopoiesis
  • Sequestration of blood with anesthetics
28
Q

ferret adrenals near what?

A
  • Right near CVC
29
Q

Ferrets female repro system
- uterus, vulva
- estrus, related condition

A

– bicornuate uterus, single cervix; vulva can become swollen; persistent oestrus March-August, induced ovulators, bone marrow suppression
<><>
- prolonged estrus (over 1 month) > hyperestrogensism > medullar aplasia > death

30
Q

Sugar Gliders
- type of animal
- metabolism
- unique body form

A
  • Marsupial, omnivorous, nocturnal, arboreal
  • Metabolism – 2/3 placental (eutherian) mammals, cloacal temp. < body temp.
  • Patagium
  • Pouch – female, little to no epipubic bones
31
Q

Sugar Gliders
- scent glands

A
  • Scent glands – frontal (M), gular (M), paracloacal (M > F)
32
Q

sugar gliders teeth

A
  • 2x (I3/2 C1/0 PM3/3 M4/4) = 40
  • All brachyodont, anelodont
  • Diprodont – protruding lower incisors
33
Q

Sugar Gliders - GIT > cecum, what they ferment

A
  • GIT – large cecum – ferment gum
34
Q

Hedgehogs
- type of animal, diet, lifestyle

A
  • Erinaceid, herbivorous (mainly insectivorous), nocturnal, terrestrial
35
Q

hedgehog metabolism unique thing

A

– torpor if excessively hot or cold

36
Q

hedgehog teeth

A

– anelodont, brachydont

37
Q
  • hedgehog morphology and behaviour, top 2 things
A
  • Spines – keratinous, hollow, follicles within skin (not quills)
  • Mantel, curling

3. Comparative 2 (20 decks)

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