Small mammals 1 pt 2 Flashcards
rabbits wake cycle, where they live
- Crepuscular
- Terrestrial and fossorial
difference between rabbit feet and other similar animals? result?
No footpads, coarse fur
– pododermatitis (no food pad in rabbits).
where are rabbit scent glands
Scent glands–chin, anal, inguinal (yellow deposit)
possible outcome of rabbit strong epaxial muscles plus delicate skeleton
→ fracture at L7
rabbit eyes
- view
- blinking
- glands
- vasculature
- duct
- Large, lateral → panoramic field of vision
- Rarely blink (2-4/hour)
- Harderian gland → milky secretion
- Extensive orbital venous plexus
- Nasolacrimal duct – small, narrows, close to tooth roots
consideration for rabbit enucleation
- Rabbits, like rodents, have an extensive orbital venous plexus.
- Because of possible severe hemorrhage, enucleation of the eye is difficult
compared with other species.
rabbit ears
- vasculature
- whats the tragus?
- The pinnae are highly vascular and have the largest arteriovenous shunts in the body.
- The vertical ear canal has a natural diverticulum separated by a cartilaginous bridge called the tragus.
considerations for rabbit bulla osteotomy surgery, adverse outcome
For any bulla osteotomy surgery, be aware of the location of the facial nerve, as temporary or permanent facial nerve paralysis (lack of palpebral reflex, ipsilateral drooling, ipsilateral facial contraction) is common.
what should rabbits eat?
- Consume lots of high-fiber (14-20%), abrasive, and low-energy food
rabbit tongue structure
Lingual prominence
rabbit teeth arrangement and type
- 2 x (I2/1 C0/0 PM3/2 M3/3)
= 28 - Aradicular: no roots, divided into clinical crowns and reserve crowns
- Hypsodont: high clinical crown
- Lophodont: transverse enamel ridges to grind food
- Elodont – continuously growing
- Incisors ≈ 8-10 mm/month
- Molars ≈ 4 mm/month
<><> - Dental formula to remember – 4 upper incisors (only 2 in rodents).
rabbit digestive system
- type of digestion
- they absorb a lot of what?
- overall structure of components
- Hindgut fermenter
- Marked calcium absorption
<><><><> - Structure
- Stomach (1) – 15%, 9 days to empty
- Small intestine (2-4) – short
- Sacculus rotundus (5) – junction between the ileum, cecum, and proximal colon
- Cecum – 60%, ampulla coli (6), long spiral fold (7), vermiform appendix (8)
- Colon – proximal (9), fusus coli (10), distal (11)
Fusus coli - whats this, what does it do?
- The fusus coli acts as a pacemaker that controls the contractions for excreting the two distinct types of feces that rabbits produce: a dry, hard fecal pellet, which is discarded; and a soft fecal pellet, which is contained within a strong mucous envelope (cecotropes). The cecotropes attach to hairs around the anus and are ingested directly and swallowed without mastication.
<><> - Fusus coli – pacemaker, controls peristalsis
- Large fibers – hard, dry feces (1-4 hours)
- Small fibers – retropulsed into cecum, fermentation → softer, lighter cecotrophs/cecotropes (4-8 hours later)
two types of rabbit poop
- Large fibers – hard, dry feces (1-4 hours)
- Small fibers – retropulsed into cecum, fermentation → softer, lighter cecotrophs/cecotropes (4-8 hours later)
rabbit liver structure, bile component
Liver
* Four lobes
* Caudate is small, narrow attachment
<><>
* Biliverdin
