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6-FA- Production diseases > Small holder cases SDL > Flashcards

Small holder cases SDL Flashcards

1
Q

T/F ‘star gazing’ is normal in goats

A

True

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2
Q

describe star gazing in goats

A

looking upwards and then rotating their heads through an angle of at least 180 degrees is considered normal

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3
Q

what are the 2 most common causes of lungworm in goats

A

Dictyocaulus filaria
Muellerius capillaris

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4
Q

T/F Joint enlargement in goats, especially those over 1 year of age, can be a feature of caprine arthritis encephalitis virus (CAEV) infection

A

True

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5
Q

T/F Pseudopregnancy (also known as pseudocyesis, false pregnancy and hydrometra) is extremely rare in goats

A

False - common in gaots

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6
Q

List the common common sites for uroliths in goats

A

urethral process
sigmoid flexure

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7
Q

Where does Psoroptic manage generally affect in goats

A

inner surface of the pinnae of ear

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8
Q

T/F You would normally palpate the submandibular artery to measure the heart rate in goats

A

False- normally use the femoral artery

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9
Q

T/F Intersexes are very rare in goats

A

False- quite common in goats

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10
Q

what is the normal pulse rate of a goat

A

70-90bpm

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11
Q

List 6 things that can prevent the formation of uroliths in goats

A

Reduce phosphorus in diet
Introduce ammonium chloride into diet
Reduce magnesium in diet
Reduce concentrate feeding
Offer the goats salt licks
Offer more forage

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12
Q

T/F ideally, male pet pigs should be castrated at about 10 days of age

A

True

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13
Q

T/F Vietnamese potbellied pigs reach puberty at four months of age

A

True- this is 2 months before commercial pigs

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14
Q

what must all pet pigs be vaccinated against

A

Erysipelas - An initial course of two injections, followed by a six monthly booster will prevent the appearance of erysipelas infection, however, the vaccine does not protect against lameness associated with the condition.

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15
Q

How often should pigs that live outdoors/ excericsed outside be wormed

A

every 4-6 months - use FEC

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16
Q

what should you use to worm pigs

A

avermectin- also covers mange
benzimidazoles- if protection against mange is not needed

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17
Q

How do you normally examine a pet pig

A

on their backs

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18
Q

what is the normal pulse rate of a weaned pig

A

80-100bpm

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19
Q

What mite causes mange in pigs

A

sarcoptes scabiei var suis

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20
Q

how does mange in pigs often present

A

pruritus
yellowish-brown deposit on the skin, particularly in and around the ears

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21
Q

what % of their time should pigs spend walking searching for food

A

60%- so should be fed over wide area to help maintain good BCS

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22
Q

T/F Diarrhoea can be a serious problem in young pigs and is often associated with Coronavirus

A

False- commonly caused by Eschericha coli

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23
Q

What should be suspected if a pig suddenly becomes sick, has a high rectal temp and walks stiffly

A

Erysipelas

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24
Q

T/F pet pigs are commonly underweight

A

False- obesity a big problem with pet pigs

25
Q

what are the 2 major sites for jugular venipuncture in camelids

A

low on the neck near the thoracic inlet
high near the ramus of the mandible

26
Q

what can interefere with jugular venipuncture near the ramus of mandible

A

valves

27
Q

T/F Pulse evaluation is not used in camelids, because there are no readily accessible arteries

A

True

28
Q

T/F Normal lung sounds are muted in camelids and may be difficult to hear

A

True

29
Q

where is respiratory rate best established in camelids

A

placing the stethoscope over the trachea at the thoracic inlet.

30
Q

T/F Camelids are unable to open the mouth wide enough to make possible a more than cursory examination of the oral cavity.

A

True

31
Q

what is the normal body temp of camelids

A

37.5 – 38.9 celcius although it can sometimes be as high as 40oC

32
Q

How do you accomplish gastric intubation in camelids

A

via the oral cavity. The nasal cavity is narrow and precludes passage of any except small tubes

33
Q

T/F
Camelids use a communal dung heap for both urination and defecation

A

True

34
Q

What is the normal gastric motility rate in camelids

A

three to four per minute, which increases slightly after feeding

35
Q

What is an effective treatment for sarcoptic mange in camelids

A

Ivermectin injections of 0.5 to 0.6 mg/kg every seven to 10 days for three to four treatments

36
Q

At what age are tooth root abscesses most common in camelids

A

between 2 to 5 years old

37
Q

What do sucking lice cause in camelids

A

pruritus and anaemia

38
Q

what can sucking lice be treated with in camelids

A

injectable avermectins

39
Q

how can chewing lice be treated in camelids

A

topical products produced for use in other species should be used

40
Q

T/F Lesions affecting the distal small intestine or spiral colon are likely to cause the most severe clinical signs of colic in camelids

A

True

41
Q

What faecal test is used in camelids and why

A

modified Stoll’s
because passive float tests are too insensitive

42
Q

what GI nematode causes anaemia in camelids

A

Haemonchus spp

43
Q

T/F Camelids appear to be particularly sensitive to stress and may develop ulceration of the second compartment (C2)

A

False - C3

44
Q

What is a recommended treatment protocol for tooth root abscesses in camelids

A

subcutaneous florfenicol at a dose of 20 mg/kg every other day

45
Q

T/F The innate immunity of camelids to parasitism is lower than that of sheep

A

True - so when co grazed with sheep, camelids are more likely to succumb to clinical disease due to increased parasite exposure

46
Q

List 4 coccidia which affect camelids

A

Eimeria punoensis
Eimeria alpaca
Eimeria lamae
Eimeria macusaniensis

47
Q

Where should you take a peritoneal tap in camelids

A

one hand’s breadth caudal to the last rib on the right flank, one-third to one-half of the way from the midline

48
Q

In what goats are urinary calculi most commonly seen

A

castrated males

49
Q

list 3 predispositions of urinary calculi in goats

A

diets high in phosphorous, magnesium and low in calcium
restricted water supply
recent urinary infection

50
Q

List the 5 treatment options there are for urinary calculi in goats

A

Euthanasia
conservative treatment with buscopan, IVFT, broad spectrum abs and NSAIDs
urethrotomy
perineal urethrostomy
cystotomy and tube cystotomy

51
Q

What is the prognosis for urinary calculi in goats

A

Has a guarded prognosis and likely an expensive surgery- not very economically viable

52
Q

List 2 ways to prevent mange in camelids

A

avoid contact with other animals at shows
Adequate quarantine procedures after transport- due to stress causing immunosuppression

53
Q

in what regions do lesions of mange tend to show in camelids

A

inguinal
perineal
axilla
ventral

54
Q

What causes dermatophilosis in camelids

A

dermatophilus congolensis

55
Q

when are camelids particularly prone to dermatophilosis

A

following wet weather

56
Q

Describe how mites/ mange is treated in pigs

A

2 injections of avermectin 14 days apart
Animals isolated until confirmed mange free

57
Q

what causes diamond shaped lesions on the skin of pigs

A

Erysipela

58
Q

what do we need to warn owners about regarding erysipela in pigs

A

It is zoonotic

59
Q

describe how erysipela is treated in pigs

A

penicillin and tylosin

6-FA- Production diseases (13 decks)

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