Severe mastitis in sheep and cattle Flashcards
List 9 differential diagnoses for a cow that is recumbent shortly after calving
acute toxic mastitis
metritis
diffuse peritonitis
hypocalcaemia
hypophosphataemia
fractures
dislocations
muscular conditions
Nerve damage
List 8 clinical signs of a cow with toxic/ severe mastitis
recumbent
pyrexia
hot swollen udder
dehydration
tachycardia
tachypnoea
injected mucous membranes
anorexia
what bacteria is most commonly responsible for toxic mastitis
E. coli
gram -ve infection
what is the aetiology of toxic mastitis
endotoxic shock
what is different about downer cows with hypomagnesaemia
seizure activity
Describe how to treat toxic mastitis
NSAIDs
Fluid therapy
supportive therapy- oxytocin, calcium IV
Excellent nursing care
Antibiotics???
what IV fluids would you give to a cow with toxic mastitis
isotonic solution
OR
hypertonic saline- followed by oral fluids
Describe how you can prevent severe clinical mastitis
reduce environmental infection pressure
(e.g. improve bedding management, decreased stocking density)
Optimise immune function (e.g. avoid constraint of dry matter intake, vitamin E and selenium)
Vaccination- Startvac- reduces risk of severe clinical mastitis events in dairy cows
List the clinical signs of severe mastitis in sheep
depression and inappetant
ewe may appear lame - often first sign
udder hot and swollen
udder can be cold and discoloured- black bag
lambs not feeding
list the pathogens that are most likely to cause mastitis in sheep
Staphylococcus aureus
Mannheimia haemolytica
E. coli
CNS species
What are 6 risk factors of mastitis in sheep
mis-match of milk supply and milk demand
inadequate nutrition of ewe
poor anatomy
chilling of the udder
teat lesions
hygiene at lambing and environmental management
Describe how you treat mastitis in sheep
systemic antibiotics- amoxicillin or oxytetracycline
NSAIDs
