Small Animal Vaginal Cytology and Breeding Management Flashcards
when not under estrus the stratified sqaumous epithelium of the vagina is normally __ and in the presence of estrogen its __
thin, thick
what structures should you avoid on vagina cytology? what magnification should you view it on?
urethra and urethral papilla, 10x
Proestrus Vaginal Cytology
- superficial epithelial cells look like cornflakes -> large angular cells with small/no nuclei
- RBC’s
- WBC’s
- Debris
Estrus Vaginal Cytology
> 90% superficial epithelial cells (angular sharp edges)
No WBC’s and few RBC’s
Diestral Changes to cytology
abrupt change to parabaslar cells, influx of neutrophils within 24 hour period
an increase of neutrophils and parabaslar cells is only normal for __ days in diestral shift otherwise it indicates a pathologic finding such as
2-5, pyometra
Every female will whelp __ days after the diestral shift
57
outline routine breeding management
- ID first day of breeding management
- ID first day of standing estrus
- Breed every 2-3 days until no longer stands -> ideally day 10,12,14
__ and __ are necessary for standing behavior
estrogen and progesterone
what is the modern gold standard for quantifying progesterone?
chemoluminescence
for progesterone in general:
<1ng/ml = ?
2ng/ml = ?
5ng/ml = ?
<1ng/ml = no luteal tissue present
2ng/ml = LH peak
5ng/ml = Ovulation (look for double jump in 48hr period)
ovulation begins __ hours after LH peak and takes __
24-48 hours
when does fertilization take place?
3-6 days from LH peak
3-4 days from ovulation is peak fertility
How often does breeding need to happen naturally as long as she is standing?
EOD
how often does breeding needs to happen if the semen was shipped?
semen lasts 5-7 days -> better to be early
