Smal or Preterm Baby

Question 1

What is low birthweight?

Answer 1

less than 2500g

Question 2

What is very low birthweight?

Answer 2

less than 1500g

Question 3

What is extremely low birthweight?

Answer 3

less than 1000g

Question 4

What is preterm?

Answer 4

Less than 37 weeks

Question 5

What is very preterm?

Answer 5

less than 32 weeks

Question 6

What is extremely preterm?

Answer 6

less than 28 weeks

Question 7

What is small for gestation age?

Answer 7

less than 10th centile for gestational age and gender

Question 8

What are some causes of SGA?

Answer 8

Normal

Maternal

• Environmental eg famine
• Pre-existing substances
• Drugs

Foetal

• Infections
• Chromosomal
• Major malfunctions

Placental

• multiple pregnancies
• Pre-eclampsia
• Placental vascular thrombosis or infarction
• poor implantation
• malformations
• “placental insufficiency”

Question 9

What are causes of preterm birth?

Answer 9

Idiopathic preterm labour 
Cervical incompetence
Multiple pregnancies
Antepartum haemorrhage
Uterine anomalies
"Indicated" delivery

Question 10

Which conditions are SGA babies at higher risk of cf to preterm?

Answer 10

Hypoglycaemia

Question 11

How do you mx a preterm infant?

Answer 11

Warm - normal temp
Pink - Oxygenated
and Sweet - maintain blood glucose

Question 12

What is hyaline membrane disease?

Answer 12

Surfactant deficiency causes pink fluid lining in the lung

Question 13

How do you give O2?

Answer 13

Nasal prong/face mask
Incubator
Nasal CPAP/HF
ETT and positive pressure

Question 14

What is the temperature aim in preterms?

Answer 14

36.8 - axillary temp okay

Question 15

What is the blood glucose target?

Answer 15

Greater than 2.5mmol/l

Question 16

How do you provide glucose?

Answer 16

Enteral breast milk

Parenteral dextrose 60ml/kg/day in hourly rate

Question 17

What are the causes of preterm death?

Answer 17

Less than 28 weeks - hyaline membrane disease, sepsis, necrotising enterocolitis, malformations or anomalies
26-38 weeks - infection or malformation