SLP & Neurorestorative Approach to Care Flashcards
1
Q
What are speech language pathologists (SLPs)
A
- Clinically trained professionals that work to evaluate, diagnose, & treat speech, language, social communication, cognitive-communication, & swallowing disorders in a wide population ranging from birth to end of life
2
Q
Cognitive communicative disorders
A
- Social Communication (pragmatics): difficulty following rules of both verbal & non-verbal communication
- Reasoning: Inability to think of & apply solutions to problems
- Attention: Difficulty concentrating or focusing on a task
- Memory: Difficulty recalling short term or long term information
- Organization/Planning: Difficulty putting details or events in order
- Insight/Awareness: Difficulty recognizing something is wrong either in the environment or with oneself
3
Q
Qualitative measures to assess cognitive communicative disorders
A
- PLOF-Patient/Family Consultation
- Clinical observation
- Formal testing
4
Q
What are the different types of attention
A
- Selective: ability to mentally ignore competing stimuli; associated with distractibility
- Sustained: ability to maintain level of attention over a long period of time; associated with impulsivity
- Divided/alternating: ability to divide attention among several activities; associated with multi-tasking
5
Q
Strategies to treat attention
A
- Reduce/eliminate environmental distraction (quiet room/headphones)
- Break down larger tasks into smaller chunks
- Use finger to track words when reading
- Taking mental breaks
- Closing eyes to concentrate
6
Q
Describe executive function
A
- Organization/Planning
- Sequencing
- Decision Making
- Self Regulation/Monitoring
- Working Memory
7
Q
Strategies to treat executive function
A
- Self reflection/discussion
- Planning/self tracking graphs
- Generation of a schedule
- Discussion of cause/effect
8
Q
Exercises for executive function treatment
A
- Covergent/divergent tasks
- Deductive reasoning puzzles
- Planning/execution of functional tasks
- Time/money management tasks
- Pathfinding in/around facility
9
Q
Describe memory
A
- Encoding, storage, & retrieval of info
- Declarative: information you know & can share by telling; can be episodic (wedding day/first day of school) or semantic (locating virginia on a map)
- Non-declarative: information you know & can share by doing; can be procedural (daily routine/driving home)
10
Q
Strategies to treat memory
A
- W: written cues = memory book, calendar, phone alerts
- R: repetition/routine = consistent daily schedule
- A: association = categorization, relating name to a person
- P: picture/visualization = retracing your steps, photos in phone
11
Q
Exercises for memory treatment
A
- Application of strategies within simple progressing to functional tasks: writing appointments on calendar, daily journaling to recall events, & writing to dictation/pertinent details from a phone message
12
Q
Define aphasia
A
- A neurologically based language disorder caused by damage to the brain from a stroke or head injury
- Typically involving the left cerebral lobe
13
Q
Describe Wernicke’s aphasia
A
- Fluent or receptive aphasia
- Difficulty answering yes/no questions or following directions
- Difficulty repeating information & following conversation
- Difficulty with reading comprehension
14
Q
Describe Broca’s aphsia
A
- non-fluent or expressive aphasia
- Difficulty with word generation/content of info to name objects
- Difficulty with fluency of speech & writing
- Difficulty with verbal reading
15
Q
Common speech disorders
A
- Dysarthria: difficult or unclear articulation of speech sounds that is otherwise linguistically normal (some sort of weakness)
- Voice: deficits in vocal quality which may include pitch, volume, and/or tone
- Apraxia of speech: neurological speech disorder that reflects an impaired capacity to plan or program sensorimotor commands necessary for directing movements that result in phonetically or prosodically normal speech
