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Kin 157 > Slide 7 - Pulmonary > Flashcards

Slide 7 - Pulmonary Flashcards

1
Q

What do Pulmonary function tests test

A

How well the lungs work

How well you breathe and how efficiently they transfer oxygen into the body

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2
Q

What does spirometry measure

A

Measures the amount of air you breathe in and out

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3
Q

What measurements are involved in pulmonary function tests

A

Lung volume

Lung capacity

Lung rates of flow

Gas exchange

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4
Q

What can we use pulmonary measurements for

A

Diagnotics

Types of lung disease/disorder

Monitor individuals exposed to potentially harmful substance/conditions

Research

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5
Q

What things come under diagnostics with pulmonary measurements

A

Evaluate signs/symptoms

Evaluate disease progression

Evaluate efficacy of treatment

Assess pre operative risk

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6
Q

What are the two types of lung disease/disorders

A

Obstructive

Restricitive

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7
Q

How do obstructive diseases occur

What are some examples

A

When air has trouble flowing out of lungs due to resistance

Airway obstruction

Due to excessive contraction of the smooth muscle

e.g. Asthma, bronchiectasis, COPD

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8
Q

How do restrictive occur

What are some examples

A

When the chest muscles cant expand enough which creates problems with air flow

e.g. Pulmondary fibrosis, chest wall disease

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9
Q

What is tidal volume

A

Volume inspired and expired per breath

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10
Q

What is inspiratory reserve volume

A

Maximum inspiration at end of tidal inspiration

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11
Q

What is expiratory reserve volume

A

Maximum expiration at end of tidal expiration

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12
Q

What is residual volume

A

Volume in lungs after maximum expiration

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13
Q

What is functional residual capacity

A

Volume in lungs after tidal expiration

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14
Q

What is total lung capcity

A

Volume in lungs after maximum inspiration

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15
Q

What are the static lung volumes of each in Liters

A 
TV = 0.5
IRV = 2.5 - 3.5
IC = 3 - 4
ERV = 1 - 1.5
VC = 4 - 5.5
RV = 1 - 2
FRC = 2 - 3.5
TLC = 5 - 7.5
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16
Q

What are the factors that affect lung volume

A

Stature/height

Age

Gender

Body size/ weight

Disease

Altitude

17
Q

What are the dynamic measures

A

Force vital capacity (FVC)

Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1.0)

Maximal Voluntary Ventilation (MVV) or Maximal breathing capacity (MBC)

18
Q

What is FEV1.0 approx

A

85% of FVC

IF < 70% there is airway obstruction

19
Q

How do you measure Maximal voluntary ventiliation

Approx number

A

12 - 15 secs of deep, rapid breathing

Approx 80-180 l/min - in healthy individual

20
Q

Flow and volume loops in obstructive is

In restrictive

A

Similar to lung volumes
Flow is reduced

Flow can be reduced or similar
Lower lung volume

21
Q

Comparing two people of the same age and gender, a taller person will have larger static lung volumes (e.g., Tidal Volume, Static Vital Capacity) than a shorter one

A

True

22
Q

Patients with restrictive pulmonary diseases are likely to have a normal vital capacity

A

False

23
Q

MVV is the theoretical maximal volume of air that can be exchanged in 1 minute

A

True

24
Q

Obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized by airway obstruction when the chest muscles cannot expand

A

False

25
Q

Flushing the Collins spirometer bell at least 5 times is important to reduce the risk of cross-contamination when performing pulmonary testing

A

True

26
Q

Functional residual capacity is the volume of air in lungs after tidal expiration

A

True

27
Q

FEV1.0/FVC <70% indicates airway obstruction

A

True

28
Q

Measurements of lung volumes (Vital Capacity from spiropet from our lab) are corrected from ________ conditions to _________ conditions

A

ATPS to BTPS

29
Q

Which of the following is dynamic measure of lung function (i.e., time-dependent)

A

FEV1

30
Q

When measuring FVC, the client must

A

Continue exhaling until they cannot expel any more air

Maximally inspire

Blast the air out as hard and fast as possible

31
Q

The bell factor on the 8 L (Collins) spirometer is 41.45. What does this mea

A

For each mm that the oen rises or falls, 41.45 ml of air is exchanged

32
Q

Spirometry is being used to measure

A

Lung volumes

Pulmonary flow rates

33
Q

Which of the following formulas defines (forced) vital capacity

A

ERV + TV + IRV

34
Q

You and your friend have a bet – whoever has the largest vital capacity receives a pizza from the other person. Your friend’s measured vital capacity is 4.5 L (ATPS). Measurements were made at 20 degree C and 760mmHg. Your measured vital capacity is 4.5 L (ATPS). Measurements were made at 27 degree C and 760mmHg. You are both the same height and weight. Who has the largest vital capacity (BTPS) and receives the free pizza

A

Your friend

35
Q

Which of the following is most likely to occur with an obstructive pulmonary disease (e.g., emphysema)

A

Normal lung volume, decreased FEV1/FVC

Kin 157 (24 decks)

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