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Kin 157 > Slide 3 - BIA > Flashcards

Slide 3 - BIA Flashcards

1
Q

What is bioelectrical impedance Analysis

A

Technique to estimate body composition based on the difference in electrical conductive properties of various tissues

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2
Q

What does BIA do

What does it measure

A

Low level electrical current passed through body

Measures impedance/opposition to current flow

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3
Q

What does BIA estimate

A

Total body water from impedance measurement

Fat free mass

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4
Q

BIA is able to work because of the

A

Conductivity properties of muscle and fat

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5
Q

What is conductance

A

The ability of an electrical current to pass through a medium (body tissues)

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6
Q

What is impedance

A

The degree to which a current is slowed down or stopped when an electrical current is applied

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7
Q

Adipose tissue is made up of:

A

20% water

80% adipose cells

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8
Q

Adipose tissues are

Therefore it

As a result there is a

A

Resistant to electricity

Does not conduct electricity well = majority of current is stopped

High impedance

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9
Q

Muscle tissue is made up of:

A

75% water

25% muscle cells

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10
Q

Muscle tissues are

As a result there is a

A

Conductive = conduct electricity very well

Low impedance

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11
Q

When there is a large total water volume in the body this means

A

The current flows more easily through the body (with less resistance

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12
Q

What assumptions are made for BIA measurement

A

Fluids conduct electricity

Approx 73% of body water is contained in FAT FREE BODY MASS - better conductivity

Fat cells contain little water - higher resistance, lower conductivity

Your body is a perfect cylinder - uniform length and cross sectional area

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13
Q

What do the assumptions cause to happen

A

Errors

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14
Q

What are the Pre test precautions when doing a BIA test

A

Avoid exercise = 12 hours

Avoid liquids that dehydrate = 12 hours

Avoid alcohol = 48 hours

Avoid eating or drinking = 4 hours

Void completely before the test

Menstural cycle phase should be noted

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15
Q

What are the sources of error in BIA test

What does each cause to happen on resistance and effect on body fat

A

Cool skin =
Higher resistance
Higher effect on body fat

Warm Temp =
Lower resistance
Lower effect on body fat

Meal within 4 hours =
Lower resistance
Lower effect on body fat

Drinking 1 litre of water within 90 mins =
Lower resistance
Lower effect on body fat

Dehydration =
Higher resistance
Higher effect on body fat

Exercise =
Lower resistance
Lower effect on body fat

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16
Q

What may cause these possible sources of error

A

Equipment

Technician - body position and electrode placement

Client - Hydration and pre test intructions

Prediction equations

17
Q

What is the advantage of the BIA test

A

Little technician skill required

Comfortable for clients

Can be used for obese individuals

18
Q

What equipment did we use for Upper body

What does it determine

A

OMRON

Body fat based on impedance in upper body only

19
Q

What equipment did we use for Lower body

What does it determine

Where is the current applied

A

Tanita Scale

Body fat based on impedance in lower body only

Current is applied to balls of feet, impedance measured at heels

20
Q

What measure upper and lower body

A

Tetrapolar

SECA

21
Q

What happens for tetrapolar

A

Current applied at distal electrodes in hand and fat

Impedance measured by proximal electrodes in wrist and ankle

22
Q

Exercising prior to BIA testing may decrease level of resistance; thus, the percent body fat can be estimated lower (underestimate) than what it actually is

A

True

23
Q

There are high variabilities between BIA analyzers

A

True

24
Q

Even though technician’s skill is not a major source of error for the BIA method, it could be possible to have a source of error from misplacement of electrodes especially for 4-electrode unit BIA

A

True

25
Q

______ is defined as the ability of an electrical current to pass through body tissues.

A

Conductance

26
Q

Adipose tissue contains small portion of water, and it does not conduct electricity well. This means that adipose tissue has low impedance

A

False - Has a high impedance

27
Q

Impedance is defined as the degree to which a current is gained when an electrical current is applied

A

False – impedance is

28
Q

One of the assumptions for bioelectrical impedance (BIA) measurement is that your body is a perfect cylinder with 1 for the trunk, 2 for the legs, and 2 for the arms

A

True

29
Q

If you are dehydrated, the conductance will be lower; thus, BIA will estimate your % body fat greater

A

True

30
Q

What is the purpose of body composition assessment

A

To monitor changes associated with aging, malnutrition, and certain diseases

To assess effectiveness of nutrition and exercise interventions

To estimate competitive weight and body composition for athletes

To identify those at risk because of under or over fatness

31
Q

Using tetrapolar (4-electrode unit) BIA, currents are applied at distal electrodes (hand and foot); impedance are measured by proximal electrodes (wrist and ankle)

A

True

32
Q

Dehydration state of the body misleads the BIA result by overestimating on body fat

A

True

33
Q

Assumptions for BIA are

A

Approx 73% of body water is contained in Fat-Free body mass

Your body is a perfect cylinder e.g. 2 cylinders for arms

34
Q

You have to avoid drinking alcohol for 48 hours prior to BIA test

A

True

Kin 157 (24 decks)

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