Sleep Flashcards
What are the benefits and limiations of Video monitoring sleep
BENEFITS
- individual undisturbed
- monitoring can happen at home or lab
LIMITATIONS
- obtaining data time consuming
- results subjective/diff. interpretations
- results may be limited or inconclusive
What are the benefits and limiations of using Self Reports to measure sleep? (3 each)
BENEFITS
- valuable bc from individuals perpective
- time-effective
- can indicate if someone is in ASC
LIMITATIONS
- hard to compare results with other people
- hard to describe experiences accurately
- intinterpretation can be subjective
How many cycles do humans experience per night? How long is each cycle
6-7 cycles and 90min/cycle
How many stages in sleep are there in TOTAL
5
Which stage of sleep is the transitioning stage from wakefulness to sleep?
NREM Stage 1
Which stage of sleep shows one losing awareness and falling asleep? How many minutes does one sleep in this stage for?
NREM S1 - 5 to 10 min
In NREM 1, which two brain waves are invovled
alpha +theta
Which stage displays that one has fallen asleep? Name the main brain wave and other characteristics occuring in this stage.
NREM S2
- theta
- k complex and sleep spindles
Which brain waves are present in NREM S3
theta + delta
What are the 4 features in NREM S4
- deepest sleep and hard to wake
- mainly DELTA
- body undergoes growth +development
- invovled in 2 cycles at the start of night only
Which stage consists of dreaming?
REM sleep (rapid eye movement)
In REM sleep, which brain waves are present
beta-like waves
Why do humans remember dreams before they wake up?
Because REM sleep increases throughout the night
Infants/babies experience _______ REM because _____________. They also have _____ NREM S4
Adults experience _____ NREM S4
more, thier brains are still developing
less
Which stage of sleep replenishes the brain?
REM
Which stage of sleep replenishes the body?
NREM
Name the 2 Biological rhythms of sleep
Circadian + Ultradian
What is a Circadian Rhythm?
a 24/25 hour cycle that human body goes through everyday
In a Circadian Rhythm, what does one rely on? give examples
Zeitgebers (means ‘cue’)
- light
- dark
In a Circadian Rhythm, what acts as the ‘internal clock’? which part of the brain is it located?
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus - HYPOTHALAMUS
In a Circadian Rhythm, what is the function of the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus?
regulates the two hormones; cortisol + melatonin
In a Circadian Rhythm, when is Cortisol (hormone) released and what is its function?
released in LIGHT; increases ones alertness
In a Circadian Rhythm, when is Melatonin (hormone) released and what is its function?
released when DARK; acts as a sleep hormone to decrease alertness
What are the two theories explaining the Purpose of Sleep?
- Restorative Theory
- Evolutionary Theory
In the Restorative Theory, what is the function of sleep?
- to replenish our bodies by recharging depleted energy resources
- REM replenishes brain
- NREM replenishes body
In the Restoritative Theory,
what is Adenosine?
what does it do when we are awake, and asleep?
- a neurotransmitter produced when energy is used
- the accumulation of adenine makes you more drowsy
- accumulates when awake, decreases when asleep
According to the Restoriative Theory, what does sleep do? (7)
- ADENOSINE neurotransmitter decreases when asleep
- sleep increases growth
- sleep increases impunity to disease
- sleep increases alertness
- sleep increases mood
- NREM replenishes body
- REM rep. brain/mind
The more Adenosine present, the more _________ and _______ we feel.
Why does Adenosine decrease when we are asleep?
tired and fatigued
It decreases so that we feel refreshed and energized the next morning
In one word, The Evolutionary Theory suggests that we sleep in order to _________
survive
List the three things that support the Evolutionary Theory
- sleep depends on the need to find food
- sleep depends on an animal’s vulnerability to predators
- sleep conserves energy
Give 1 limitation for each the Restorative Theory
Restorative
- protein synthesis need for replenishing body shows down bc brain is very active during REM sleep
Give 1 limitation for the Evolutionary Theory
Evolutionary
- animals are vulnerable to predators even when sleeping
What is the purpose of REM sleep?
REM consolidates memory and restores the brain
What is the purpose of NREM sleep?
What is released in NREM S3+4?
NREM restores body and replenishes energy
S3+4, growth hormones released for body GROWTH and REPAIR
What type of sleep increases periodically as the night progresses?
REM
What type of sleep increases periodically as the night progresses?
NREM
