Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Module 202 Theme 1 > Skull and the cranial cavity > Flashcards

Skull and the cranial cavity Flashcards

1
Q

List the 5 layers of the scalp

A 
Skin
Dense connective tissue
Epicranial Aponeurosis
Loose connective tissue
Periosteum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does the scalp extend over?

A

Neurocranium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What innervates the scalp?

A

Trigeminal nerves

Spinal cutaneous nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many bones comprise the skull?

A

22

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Give the other name for the facial skeleton

A

Viscerocranium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

List the 8 neurocranium bones

A 
Occipital
2 Temporal
2 Parietal
Frontal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

List the 14 viscerocranium bones

A 
2 nasal conchae
2 nasal bones
2 maxilla 
2 palatine bones
2 zygomatic bones
2 lacrimal bones
Vomer
Mandible
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the purpose of foramina?

A

Allow for nerves and blood vessels to enter and leave the cranial cavity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

List the 3 cranial fossa the base of the skull is divided into

A

Anterior
Middle
Posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

List the foramina found in the anterior cranial fossa

A

Foramen caecum

Cribriform plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

List the foramina found in the middle cranial fossa

A 
Superior orbital fissure 
Optic canal
Foramen rotundum
Foramen ovale
Foramen spinosum
Foramen lacerum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

List the foramina found in the posterior cranial fossa

A

Internal acoustic meatus
Jugular foramen
Foramen magnum
Hypoglossal canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

List the 3 layers of the meninges starting from outermost layer

A

Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of the meninges?

A

Protection
Support network for blood vessels
Form a fluid filled cavity to cushion and nourish the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the 2 layers of the dura mater and where are they found?

A

Meningeal layer- surrounds brain and spinal cord

Endosteal layer- lines the skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the nervous supply of the dura mater?

A

CN 5
CN 10
CN 1-3
Sympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the blood supply to the dura mater?

A

Middle meningeal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the purpose of the folds and reflections of the meningeal layer of the dura mater?

A

To prevent or restrict movement of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does the falx cerebri do?

A

Separates cerebral hemispheres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does the tentorium cerebelli do?

A

Separates the cerebral hemispheres and cerebellar hemispheres

21
Q

What does the falx cerebelli do?

A

Separates cerebellar hemispheres

22
Q

What is the anatomical basis of a headache?

A

The dura is sensitive to stretching

23
Q

Damage to the middle meningeal artery causes what?

A

Extradural (Epidural) haematoma

24
Q

What causes tentorial herniation?

A

Space occupying lesion causes herniation of the temporal lobe

25
Q

What is special in terms of vascularisation of the arachnoid mater?

A

Avascular

26
Q

Describe the arachnoid mater

A

Thin avascular layer between pia and dura

Loosely applied layer with projections

27
Q

Where do all structures passing to and from the brain exit or enter?

A

Subarachnoid space

28
Q

What is contained in the subarachnoid space?

A

Cerebral spinal fluid

29
Q

Where is CSF made?

A

Choroid plexus in brain ventricles

30
Q

What is the importance of CSF in the subarachnoid space?

A

Provides buoyancy to the brain protecting it from mechanical forces

31
Q

What is pia mater?

A

Very delicate vascular membrane (nourish)

32
Q

Where is the pia mater found?

A

Closely innervates brain following gyri and sulci

Covers cerebral arteries entering the brain

33
Q

List the 3 layers of the spinal cord meninges

A

Dura mater
Arachnoid mater
Pia mater

34
Q

What is leptomeningitis and why is this dangerous?

A

Inflammation and infection of the pia and arachnoid mater. May enter subarachnoid space and cause septicemia.

35
Q

Where do dural sinuses sit?

A

Behind the dural fold

36
Q

What drains into the dural sinuses?

A

Drained blood and CSF from the brain via cerebral veins.

Communicates with the veins of the skull and scalp

37
Q

Describe the structure of the dural sinuses

A

Thick walled endothelium
No valves
No smooth muscle

38
Q

Where do the dural sinuses drain?

A

Internal jugular vein

39
Q

What 2 arteries is the brain supplied by?

A

Internal carotid artery

Vertebral artery

40
Q

What do the branches anastomose to form?

A

Circle of willis

41
Q

What are the 2 terminal branches found within the skull?

A

The anterior cerebral artery

The middle cerebral artery

42
Q

Where do vertebral arteries enter?

A

Pass within cervical vertebrae and enter foramen magnum

43
Q

What do vertebral arteries unite to form?

A

Basilar artery

44
Q

What does the anterior cerebral artery supply?

A

The medial and superior surfaces of the brain

Frontal pole

45
Q

What does the middle cerebral artery supply?

A

The lateral surfaces

The temporal pole

46
Q

What does the posterior cerebral artery supply?

A

The inferior surfaces of the brain

The occipital pole

47
Q

Why does a stroke cause neurological deficit?

A

No anastomosis of cerebral arteries once inside brain

48
Q

What is a stroke caused by?

A

Embolism in the cerebral artery

49
Q

When will mixing in the posterior communicating artery occur?

A

If there is an occlusion which disrupts the pressure in the vertebral and internal carotid artery.
Blood passes back and forth across posterior communicating artery to compensate

Module 202 Theme 1 (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions