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NE Exam 1 > Skull > Flashcards

Skull Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the axial skeleton?

A

Skull
Vertebral Column
Thoracic Cage

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2
Q

What makes up the appendicular skeleton?

A

Upper Limbs
Lower Limbs
Pectoral Girdle
Pelvic Girdle

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3
Q

What are the 8 cranial bones, paired and unpaired?

A

Paired –

  • Temporal
  • Parietal

Unpaired –

  • Frontal
  • Occipital
  • Sphenoid
  • Ethmoid
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4
Q

What are the 14 facial bones, paired and unpaired?

A

Paired –

  • Zygomatic
  • Lacrimal
  • Nasal
  • Palatine
  • Maxillae
  • Inferior Nasal Conchae

Unpaired –

  • Vomer
  • Mandible
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5
Q

What suture runs across the top of the frontal bone, separating it from the parietal bone?

A

Coronal Suture

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6
Q

In some individuals, the frontal bone can be considered “paired” and be brought together by what suture?

A

Metopic Suture

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7
Q

This is the attachment site for the Falx Cerebri, which is a protective CT for the brain.

A

Frontal Crest

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8
Q

What suture divides the parietal bone into left and right sides?

A

Sagittal Suture

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9
Q

What suture separates the parietal bone from the occipital bone?

A

Lambdoid Suture

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10
Q

What suture separates the parietal bone from the temporal bone?

A

Squamous Suture

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11
Q

There are two lines on the parietal bone that are attachment points for muscles of mastication. They are called…

A

Superior Temporal Line

Inferior Temporal Line

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12
Q

This is a large opening that is eventually closed off during mastication so the eyeballs do not bounce around.

A

Fenestra

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13
Q

This is a terminal branch of V1 (Ophthalmic) that runs through the Supraorbital Foramen on the frontal bone.

A

Supraorbital N.

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14
Q

This is a component of the frontal bone that can be palpated between the eyes.

A

Glabella

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15
Q

This structure separates the 2 hemispheres.

A

Frontal Crest

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16
Q

When performing surgery in the cranial cavity, the periosteum has poor osteogenic properties and vasculature. To combat this, the bone is usually reflected with what?

A

With overlaying tissues attached to it (i.e., skin, muscle, fascia)

***Heals the best when this is done!

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17
Q

This bone houses the middle and inner ear.

A

Temporal bone

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18
Q

This component of the temporal bone is for sound to come in and hit the tympanic membrane.

A

External Acoustic Meatus

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19
Q

This component of the temporal bone is for nerves to pass through.

A

Internal Acoustic Meatus

***CN VII (Facial) and VIII (Vestibulocochlear)

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20
Q

This is located on the interior of the temporal bone and is for dural venous sinus drainage.

A

Groove for the Sigmoid Sinus

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21
Q

This component of the occipital bone is generally larger in males than females.

A

External Occipital Protuberance

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22
Q

This component of the occipital bone is a large passageway for the brainstem and numerous arteries and nerves.

A

Foramen Magnum

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23
Q

These components of the occipital bone provide attachment for muscles of the back and neck.

A

Superior Nuchal Line

Inferior Nuchal Line

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24
Q

When a person nods to say “YES”, what is articulating?

A

Occipital condyles with the cervical vertebrae

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25
Q

Internally, the occipital bone has a path for venous drainage for the brain. What are the grooves that involve the drainage?

A

Groove for Sigmoid Sinus (also part of temporal bone)
Groove for Transverse Sinus
Groove for Superior Sagittal Sinus

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26
Q

What does the superior sphenoid bone look like?

A

BATMAN

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27
Q

On the superior sphenoid bone, this is a cranial depression where the Pituitary Gland sits.

A

Sella Turcica (“Turkish Saddle”)

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28
Q

On the superior sphenoid bone, this is the exit point for the Maxillary Branch of Trigeminal N. (V2).

A

Foramen Rotundum

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29
Q

On the superior sphenoid bone, this is the exit point for the Mandibular Branch of Trigeminal N. (V3).

A

Foramen Ovale

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30
Q

On the superior sphenoid bone, this is the exit point for the Middle Meningeal A.

A

Foramen Spinosum

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31
Q

This is the thinnest point of the skull, because it is a meeting point of multiple sutures.

A

Pterion

32
Q

Why is it bad if you’re struck in the head at the Pterion?

A

Because it is the thinnest point of the skull and the Middle Meningeal A. runs deep to it. If you’re hit in the head there, you are very likely to bleed from the artery.

33
Q

What does the anterior/inferior view of the sphenoid bone look like?

A

BUTTERFLY

34
Q

This bone unites the cranial and facial bones, and articulates with almost every bone in the skull.

A

Sphenoid

35
Q

This component of the ethmoid bone is the attachment point for the Falx Cerebri.

A

Crista Galli

36
Q

This part of the ethmoid bone forms the medial wall of the orbit.

A

Orbital Plate

37
Q

This part of the ethmoid bone is the superior portion of the nasal septum.

A

Perpendicular Plate

38
Q

The Ethmoidal Labyrinth or Lateral Mass consists of what?

A

Superior Nasal Conchae
Middle Nasal Conchae
Orbital Plate

39
Q

This conchae is considered its own bone.

A

Inferior Nasal Conchae

40
Q

The superior ethmoid bone has what components?

A

Ethmoidal Air Sinuses
Cribriform Plate
Cribriform Foramina

41
Q

What cranial nerve descends along the lateral borders of the Cribriform Plate (Ethmoid bone) and uses the Cribriform Foramina as passageway for its branches.

A

Olfactory N. (CN I)

42
Q

What are the different cranial fossae?

A

Anterior Cranial Fossa
Middle Cranial Fossa
Posterior Cranial Fossa

43
Q

This bone has an Orbital Surface that forms the lateral wall of the orbit.

A

Zygomatic

44
Q

What does the Zygomatic Arch consist of?

A

Zygomatic Process of Temporal Bone

Temporal Process of Zygomatic Bone

45
Q

This bone is part of the medial wall of each orbit.

A

Lacrimal

46
Q

This is the passageway for the Nasolacrimal Duct.

A

Lacrimal Groove

47
Q

This bone resembles a farming plow and is triangular shaped.

A

Vomer

48
Q

This component of the Vomer articulates with the Sphenoid.

A

Ala

49
Q

This component of the Vomer forms the interior portion of the Nasal septum.

A

Vertical Plate

50
Q

This component of the Palatine bone is part of the medial floor of the orbit.

A

Orbital Process

51
Q

This component of the Palatine bone is part of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity.

A

Perpendicular Plate

52
Q

This component of the Palatine bone is part of the posterior portion of the hard palate.

A

Horizontal Plate

53
Q

What can occur if the palatine processes do not develop properly?

A

Cleft Lip

Cleft Palate

54
Q

This component of the Maxilla is part of the posterior portion of the hard palate.

A

Palatine Process

***Failure to develop can result in cleft palate

55
Q

This component of the Maxilla separates the hard palate from the anterior nasal spine.

A

Incisive Foramen

56
Q

This component of the Maxilla holds the teeth of the upper jaw.

A

Alveolar Processes

57
Q

This is the largest paranasal sinus in the skull.

A

Maxillary Sinus

***Within Maxilla bone

58
Q

This type of Maxillary fracture is horizontal.

A

Le Fort I

***Speak No Evil – only involves mouth

59
Q

This type of Maxillary fracture is pyramidal.

A

Le Fort II

***See No Evil – goes to eye orbit

60
Q

This type of Maxillary fracture is complete craniofacial separation.

A

Le Fort III

***Hear No Evil – most of face, goes to ear

61
Q

The Condylar Process of the Mandible and the Mandibular Fossa of the Temporal bone make up what joint?

A

Temperomandibular Joint (TMJ)

62
Q

What are the 7 bones that make up the orbital complex?

A 
Frontal
Sphenoid
Zygomatic
Maxilla
Lacrimal
Ethmoid 
Palatine
63
Q

What makes up the roof of the orbit?

A

Lesser wing of Sphenoid

Frontal bone

64
Q

What makes up the lateral wall of the orbit?

A

Zygomatic Process of Frontal bone
Greater Wing of Sphenoid
Orbital Surface of Zygomatic bone

65
Q

What makes up the medial wall of the orbit?

A

Frontal Process of Maxilla
Lacrimal bone
Lateral Mass of Ethmoid bone

66
Q

What makes up the floor of the orbit?

A

Perpendicular Plate of Palatine bone
Orbital Surface of Maxilla
Zygomatic bone

67
Q

What are the Paranasal Sinuses?

A

Frontal
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
Maxillary

68
Q

What are the 4 different fontanelles in the fetal skull?

A

Anterior Fontanelle
Sphenoid Fontanelle
Mastoid Fontanelle
Posterior Fontanelle

69
Q

This fontanelle is at the meeting of the frontal bone and parietal bones.

A

Anterior Fontanelle

70
Q

This fontanelle is at the meeting of the parietal bones and the occipital bone.

A

Posterior Fontanelle

71
Q

This fontanelle is at the meeting of the frontal bone, parietal bone, temporal bone, and sphenoid bone.

A

Sphenoid Fontanelle

72
Q

This fontanelle is at the meeting of the occipital bone, parietal bone, and temporal bone.

A

Mastoid Fontanelle

73
Q

List the cranial nerves and their foramina in order.

A 
CN I -- Cribriform Plate
CN II -- Optic Canal
CN III, IV, V(V1), VI -- Superior Orbital Fissure 
CN V(V2) -- Foramen Rotundum 
CN V(V3) -- Foramen Ovale 
CN VII, VIII -- Internal Acoustic Meatus 
CN IX, X, XI -- Jugular Foramen 
CN XII -- Hypoglossal Canal

***On the skull, the foramina go in order from anterior to posterior!

74
Q

This foramina lies below the Foramen Ovale and is the exit site for the Middle Meningeal A.

A

Foramen Spinosum

75
Q

This is the foramina where the Branchial Motor component of the Facial N. (CN VII) exits out onto the face.

A

Stylomastoid Foramen

NE Exam 1 (19 decks)

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