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NE Exam 1 > Pterygopalatine Fossa & Nasal Cavity > Flashcards

Pterygopalatine Fossa & Nasal Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

What is included in the bony part of the nose?

A

Nasal bones
Frontal Process of Maxilla
Nasal part of Frontal bone and Nasal Spine
Bony part of Nasal Septum

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2
Q

What are the cartilaginous parts of the nose?

A

2 lateral cartilages
2 alar cartilages
Septal cartilage (nasal septum)

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3
Q

These are ridges of bone within the nasal cavity that increase the surface area.

A

Superior nasal concha
Middle nasal concha
Inferior nasal concha

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4
Q

What bones do the concha derive from?

A

Superior nasal concha – Ethmoid
Middle nasal concha – Ethmoid
Inferior nasal concha – Its own bone

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5
Q

Except for the _________ of the nose (considered an external portion), all of the nasal are lined with _______ _______.

A

Vestibule

Nasal mucosa

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6
Q

The nasal mucosa is firmly connected to the _________ of the bony parts of the nasal cavity and the _________ of the cartilaginous nasal components.

A

Periosteum

Perichondrium

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7
Q

The areas of the nasal cavity lined with nasal mucosa constitute the __________ area (inferior 2/3) and the __________ area (superior 1/3).

A

Respiratory

Olfactory

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8
Q

The olfactory of the nasal cavity (superior 1/3) has specialized nasal mucosa that contains the peripheral nerve endings from the _______ _______ for special sense olfaction (smell).

A

Olfactory Nerve (CN I)

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9
Q

Another name for nasal conchae is…

A

Nasal turbinate

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10
Q

What makes up the roof of the nasal cavity?

A

Frontal bone
Ethmoid bone
Sphenoid bone

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11
Q

What makes up the floor of the nasal cavity?

A

Palatine Process of Maxilla

Horizontal Plate of Palatine Bone

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12
Q

What makes up the medial wall of the nasal cavity?

A

Nasal Septum (Perpendicular Plate of Ethmoid, Vomer, Septal cartilage, Nasal crests of Maxillary and Palatine bones)

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13
Q

What makes up the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

A

Superior, Middle, and Inferior Nasal Conchae

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14
Q

The nasal conchae divides the nasal cavity into 4 passages, which are…

A

Spheno-ethmoidal Recess
Superior Nasal Meatus
Middle Nasal Meatus
Inferior Nasal Meatus

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15
Q

The Spheno-ethmoidal Recess is the opening of what?

A

Sphenoid Sinus

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16
Q

The Superior Nasal Meatus is the opening of what?

A

Posterior Ethmoidal Sinus

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17
Q

The Middle Nasal Meatus is the opening of what?

A

Frontal Sinus
Maxillary Sinus
Anterior and Middle Ethmoidal Sinus

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18
Q

The Maxillary Sinus also opens into the Middle Nasal Meatus in the posterior part of the ________ ________ at the Maxillary Ostium (below ethmoid bulla).

A

Semilunar Hiatus

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19
Q

The Inferior Nasal Meatus is the opening of what?

A

Nasolacrimal Duct

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20
Q

Most of the blood is supplied to the lateral and medial walls of the nasal cavity form branches of what artery?

A

Maxillary A.

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21
Q

What branches of the Maxillary A. supply the lateral and medial walls of the nasal cavity?

A

Sphenopalatine A.
Anterior and Posterior Ethmoidal As.
Greater Palatine A.

22
Q

This artery also provides some blood supply to the nasal cavity.

A

Facial A.

23
Q

What branches of the Facial A. also supply the nasal cavity?

A

Superior Labial A.

Lateral Nasal Branches

24
Q

What provides venous drainage to the nasal cavity?

A

Sphenopalatine V.
Facial V.
Ophthalmic V.

25
Q

This is the area where all five arteries of the nasal cavity come together in a capillary bed. It can bleed profusely.

A

Kiesselbach Area

26
Q

The Paranasal Sinuses are paired structures, and their names are…

A

Maxillary Sinus
Ethmoid Sinus
Sphenoid Sinus
Frontal Sinus

27
Q

This is the largest paranasal sinus and it drains via the maxillary ostium into the middle meatus.

A

Maxillary Sinus

28
Q

What provides the arterial supply to the Maxillary Sinus?

A

Superior Alveolar branches of Maxillary A.

Greater Palatine A.

29
Q

What innervates the Maxillary Sinus?

A

Superior Alveolar N. branches (V2)

30
Q

These are ethmoid air cells located between orbits. The anterior and middle ethmoidal cells drain into the middle meatus, and the posterior ethmoidal cells drain into the superior meatus.

A

Ethmoid Sinus

31
Q

What provides the arterial supply to the Ethmoid Sinus?

A

Ethmoidal As. (from Ophthalmic A.)

32
Q

What innervates the Ethmoid Sinus?

A

Nasociliary Ns. (CN V1)

33
Q

This sinus is unevenly divided by the bony part of the nasal septum and drains via the spheno-ethmoidal recess.

A

Sphenoid Sinus

34
Q

What provides the arterial supply to the Sphenoid Sinus?

A

Posterior Ethmoidal A.

35
Q

What provides innervation to the Sphenoid Sinus?

A

Posterior Ethmoidal N. (V1)

36
Q

This sinus is between the outer and inner tables of the frontal bone, posterior to the superciliary arches. It drains via the frontonasal duct into semilunar hiatus of middle meatus.

A

Frontal Sinus

37
Q

What provides the arterial supply to the Frontal Sinus?

A

Supraorbital A.

Anterior Ethmoidal A.

38
Q

What innervates the Frontal Sinus?

A

Supraorbital N. (CN V1)

39
Q

This is a small pyramid-shaped space that is found inferior to the apex of the orbit.

A

Pterygopalatine Fossa

40
Q

What are the borders of the Pterygopalatine Fossa?

A

Anterior – Maxillary Tuberosity

Posterior – Pterygoid Process of Sphenoid (Lateral Plate)

Medial – Perpendicular Plate of Palatine bone

Lateral – Opens into Infratemporal fossa via Pterygomaxillary Fissure

41
Q

What makes up the roof the Pterygopalatine Fossa?

A

Greater Wing of Sphenoid (incomplete)

42
Q

What makes up the floor of the Pterygopalatine Fossa?

A

Pyramidal Process of Palatine bone

43
Q

What are the openings within the Pterygopalatine Fossa?

A 
Superior = opens into inferior orbital fissure 
Inferior = closed except for palatine foramen
44
Q

What are the contents of the Pterygopalatine Fossa?

A

Maxillary N. (CN V2)
Pterygopalatine Ganglion
Third part of Maxillary A.

45
Q

What is the path of the Maxillary N. (V2) within the Pterygopalatine Fossa?

A

Maxillary N. (V2) – Pterygopalatine Ns. and Zygomatic N.

Zygomatic N. – Zygomaticofacial N. and Zygomaticotemporal N.

***Zygomatic N. has a communicating branch that conveys parasympathetic fibers to the Lacrimal N. (V1)

46
Q

Parasympathetic fibers to the Pterygopalatine Ganglion are from the Facial N. (CN VII) via what nerve?

A

Greater Petrosal N.

47
Q

The Greater Petrosal N. joins the Deep Petrosal N. to form what?

A

N. of Pterygoid Canal

48
Q

The parasympathetic fibers from the Greater Petrosal N. supplies what ganglion?

A

Pterygopalatine Ganglion

49
Q

The Deep Petrosal N. arises from the ________ ________ ________ and conveys postsynaptic sympathetic fibers which join branches of the Maxillary N. via the Pterygopalatine Ganglion (but do not synapse there).

A

Internal Carotid Plexus

50
Q

Presynaptic sympathetic fibers are from which ganglion?

A

Superior Cervical Ganglion

***Postsynaptic sympathetic fibers on Deep Petrosal N.

NE Exam 1 (19 decks)

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