Deep Face & Infratemporal Fossa Flashcards
What are the fossae found superior and inferior to the Zygomatic arch, respectively?
Temporal Fossa (superior) Infratemporal Fossa (Inferior)
What cranial nerve comes out of the Foramen Ovale?
CN V(V3) - Mandibular
What are the boundaries of the Infratemporal Fossa?
Lateral = Ramus of Mandible Anterior = Maxilla Medial = Lateral Pterygoid Plate Posterior = Tympanic Plate, Mastoid and Styloid Processes Inferior = Angle of Mandible
What makes up the roof of the Infratemporal Fossa?
Sphenoid (Greater Wing)
What are the muscles within the Infratemporal Fossa?
Inferior portion of Temporalis M.
Lateral Pterygoid M.
Medial Pterygoid M.
What are the neurovascular structures within the Infratemporal Fossa?
Maxillary A. Pterygoid Venous Plexus Inferior Alveolar N. (from V3) Buccal N. (from V3) Chorda Tympani (from CN VII) Otic Ganglion
The Auriculotemporal N. splits around what artery?
Middle Meningeal A.
***Branch off Maxillary A. - Mandibular part
This artery supplies the External Acoustic Meatus, External Tympanic Membrane, and TMJ.
Deep Auricular A.
***1st branch off Maxillary A. - Mandibular part
This artery supplies the internal Tympanic Membrane.
Anterior Tympanic A.
***Branch off Maxillary A. - Mandibular part
This artery enters the Mandibular Foramen and supplies the Mandible, Mandibular teeth, chin and Mylohyoid M.
Inferior Alveolar A.
***Branch off Maxillary A. - Mandibular part
These are the branches of the Inferior Alveolar A.
Mylohyoid A. (to Mylohyoid M.)
Mental A. (to Mandible)
***Both arteries run with nerves of the same name
This artery enters the cranium via the Foramen Spinosum and supplies the Dural Mater of the lateral wall, Trigeminal Ganglion, Facial N., Geniculate Ganglion, Tympanic Cavity, and Tensor Tympani M.
Middle Meningeal A.
***Branch off Maxillary A. - Mandibular part
This artery enters the cranium via the Foramen Ovale and supplies the extra-cranial muscles of the Infratemporal Fossa, Otic Ganglion, and the Sphenoid bone.
Accessory Meningeal A.
***Branch off Maxillary A. - Mandibular part
This artery supplies the Temporalis M.
Deep Temporal A. (Anterior and Posterior branches)
***Branch off Maxillary A. - Pterygoid part
These arteries supply the Pterygoid muscles (Medial and Lateral).
Medial Pterygoid A.
Lateral Pterygoid A.
***Branch off Maxillary A. - Pterygoid part
This artery supplies the TMJ and Masseter M.
Masseteric A.
***Branch off Maxillary A. - Pterygoid part
This artery supplies the Buccal fat-pad, Buccinator M., and Buccal oral mucosa.
Buccal A.
- **Branch off Maxillary A. - Pterygoid part
- **Runs with Buccal N.
This branch of CN V2 (Maxillary) is a communicating branch to the Lacrimal N. (V1).
Zygomatic N.
What are the branches of the Zygomatic N. (V2)?
Zygomaticotemporal N.
Zygomaticofacial N.
Review the branches of the Mandibular branch of CN V (V3).
Review 5 minutes
Review the branches of the Maxillary branch of CN V (V2).
Review 5 minutes
The Maxillary A. can run lateral or medial to what muscle?
Lateral Pterygoid M.
What are the 3 main areas of fracture in the Mandible?
Fracture of neck
Fracture of ramus
Fracture of corpus
What are the variations of relationship between the Maxillary A. and the Mandibular N. (V3)?
Maxillary A. runs medial to Buccal N. and lateral to Lingual N. and Inferior Alveolar N.
Maxillary A. runs lateral to Inferior Alveolar N. and medial to Buccal N. and Lingual N.
Maxillary A. runs medial to entire Mandibular N. (V3)
The muscles of mastication move the Mandible at what joint?
Temperomandibular Joint (TMJ)
What innervates the muscles of mastication?
CN V(V3) - Mandibular
What are the four muscles of mastication?
Temporalis M.
Masseter M.
Lateral Pterygoid M.
Medial Pterygoid M.
What muscles lie deep to the Masseter M.?
Lateral Pterygoid M. (more superior)
Medial Pterygoid M. (more inferior)
What muscles elevate the Mandible?
Temporalis M.
Masseter M.
Medial Pterygoid M.
What muscles depress the Mandible?
Lateral Pterygoid M.
Suprahyoid and Infrahyoid Ms.
What muscles protrude the Mandible?
Lateral Pterygoid M.
Medial Pterygoid M.
Masseter M.
What muscles retract the Mandible?
Temporalis M.
Masseter M.
What muscles laterally move the Mandible?
Ipsilateral Temporalis M. and Masseter M.
Contralateral Medial and Lateral Pterygoid Ms.
What are the ligaments involved in the TMJ?
Lateral (Temperomandibular) L.
Stylomandibular L.
Sphenomandibular L.
These ligaments limit inferior excursion at the TMJ.
Stylomandibular L.
Sphenomandibular L.
This attaches to the articular disc of the TMJ.
Superior head of Lateral Pterygoid M.
When opening the mouth, the articular disc of the TMJ slides slightly (ANTERIOR/POSTERIOR) and “dislocates” which is normal. If it slid (ANTERIOR/POSTERIOR) this would cause problems.
Anterior
Posterior
What nerve and its branches provide innervation to the TMJ?
CN V(V3) Mandibular
What branches of the Mandibular N. (V3) innervates the TMJ?
Auriculotemporal N.
Posterior Deep Temporal N.
Masseteric N.
It is very hard to dislocate the TMJ posteriorly, but it can be dislocated and pop into what fossa?
Temporal Fossa
Where is the placement for the Inferior Alveolar N. block to numb the bottom teeth/jaw?
Just lateral to the Pterygomandibular Raphe
***Only need 2 injections to numb entire lower part of mouth, one on each side
T/F. To numb the upper mouth, it only requires 2 injections. One on each side.
False. To numb the top of the mouth, it requires multiple injections because it only covers the area of a few teeth (Anterior Superior Alveolar N. block).
