Skin Reactions & Vesiculobullous Disorders Flashcards
wheals that are transient, irregular, edematous papules and plaque that are pruritic
urticaria
inducible form of urticaria that appears within 6-7 mins and resolves in 15-30 mins
dermatographism
what is urticaria with any other body system dysregulation due to an immune response considered?
anaphylaxis
a patient presents with pruritic sharply defined wheals that are raised, erythematous, irregular and annular. they become confluent across their arm. what is the diagnosis and 1st line treatment options (3)?
urticaria
2nd gen antihistamine:
loratadine
cetirizine
fexofenadine
a patient presents with this skin condition and the first line treatment is not working. what is the diagnosis and what are 3 adjust treatment options?
urticaria
steroids
montelukast
cyclosporine
skin reaction to UV radiation
photosensitivity reaction
skin changes mimicking normal sunburn changes
sunburn type photosensitivity reaction
macules, papules, or plaques similar to eczematous dermatitis
rash - photosensitivity reaction
sun exposure causes immune-mediated urticaria
urticarial photosensitivity reaction
a patient presents with pain on skin, fever, malaise, erythema, edema, vesicles/bullae and weeping/cracking skin. what is the diagnosis?
photosensitivity reaction
what is the treatment for photosensitivity reaction that presents with vesicular, weeping lesions?
cover + keep them clean
with cooling + soothing dressings
what is some education to give a patient with photosensitivity reaction? (2)
avoid UV light
wear sunscreen
what med can be used for photoallergic reactions?
steroids
what is acanthosis nigricans often associated with?
skin tags
what does rapid onset of acanthosis nigricans increase the risk of?
malignant etiology
acanthosis nigricans without associated endocrine disorder
type 1; hereditary bengin
acanthosis nigricans + endocrine disorders associated with insulin resistance and diabetes
type 2; benign
acanthosis nigricans associated with obesity, more common in patients with darker pigments and concurrent metabolic syndrome
type 3; pseudo-acanthosis nigricans
acanthosis nigricans + use of nicotinic acid in high doses, and other medication
type 4; drug-induced
acanthosis nigricans + adenocarcinoma of gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract
type 5; malignant
a patient presents with darkening of skin pigmentation + velvety and skin lines accentuated. what is the diagnosis + treatment?
acanthosis nigricans
treat underlying disorder
what is the first line diagnostic for acanthosis nigricans? what are the specific diagnostics?
rule out diabetes + prediabetes
fasting/random glucose + HgbA1c
a bullous autoimmune disease usually seen in geriatric patients
bullous pemphigoid
a patient presents with erythematous pruritic, papular/urticarial lesions with large tense bullae and erosive mucosal lesions. on exam, there is a negative nikolsky sign. what is the diagnosis and treatment (3)?
bullous pemphigoid
refer to derm - steroids, IV immunoglobulin, methotrexate
a patient presents with this skin lesion. what is the diagnosis and 2 diagnostics that can be done?
bullous pemphigoid
biopsy linear IgG deposits
serum IgG antibodies
an autoimmune disorder of the skin and mucous membranes due to loss of cell adhesion, leading to faccid bullae and weak surfaces that rupture.
pemphigus vulgaris
a patient presents with painful and tender mouth lesions + epistaxis, hoarseness, and dysphagia. what is the diagnosis and treatment (2)?
pemphigus vulgaris
refer to derm - steroids + methotrexate
a patient presents with erosions with blood and crust. on exam, there is a positive nikolsky sign. what is the diagnosis and treatment?
pemphigus vulgaris
refer to derm - steroids + methotrexate
a patient presents with these lesions. what is the diagnosis? what are 2 diagnostics that can be done?
pemphigus vulgaris
biopsy
serum IgG antibodies
a biopsy stained with direct immunofluorescence (IF) reveals IgG and compliment C3 deposited in lesional and paralesional skin within the intercellular substance of the dermis. what is the diagnosis?
pemphigus vulgaris
