Eczematous Disorders and Dermatitis

Question 1

the result of local inflammation and chronic scratching

Answer 1

eczema

Question 2

what is eczema known as?

Answer 2

“the itch that rashes”

Question 3

which areas of the body does eczema commonly affect?

Answer 3

flexor regions + hands, nipples, and eyelids

Question 4

what are 2 onsets of eczema?

Answer 4

present early in life
with geographic move

Question 5

what do most patients with eczema have in their history? (2)

Answer 5

personal/family history of atopy
sensitive skin

Question 6

erythematous, maculopapular rash that can include vesicles, weeping skin, plaques, excoriation, and lichenification

Answer 6

eczema

Question 7

what are 5 disorders that can cause eczematous rash?

Answer 7

atopic dermatitis
nummular dermatitis
irritant contact dermatitis
allergic contact dermatitis
seborrheic dermatitis

Question 8

skin disorder characterized by highly sensitive dry skin and pruritis

Answer 8

atopic dermatitis

Question 9

what are common triggers for atopic dermatitis?

Answer 9

dust/pollen
food
seasonal temperature changes
clothing
stress

Question 10

when are there increased flares of atopic dermatitis?

Answer 10

in winter months

Question 11

a patient presents with varying demarcated erythematous/hyperpigmented patches, plaques, and lichenification +/- scale on the crease of the back of their knee. what are they experiencing?

Answer 11

atopic dermatitis

Question 12

where is atopic dermatitis usually present on the body?

Answer 12

flexor surfaces

Question 13

what other symptoms, besides skin findings, can be present in a patient with atopic dermatitis?

Answer 13

allergy-type symptoms

Question 14

a patient presents with this in the crease of their antecubital space. what is the diagnosis?

Answer 14

atopic dermatitis

Question 15

a patient presents with this in the crease of the back of their knee. what is the diagnosis?

Answer 15

atopic dermatitis

Question 16

what is education for this skin condition? (4)

Answer 16

bathe 1/day with gentle cleansers
use hypoallergenic products
wear cotton
avoid scratching

Question 17

what medication can be used to help with scratching in atopic dermatitis? (2)

Answer 17

hydroxyzine
diphenhydramine

Question 18

what is the 1st line treatment for this skin condition? (2)

Answer 18

topical steroids -
triamcinolone
desonide

Question 19

what may improve lichenification, itching, and scaling in atopic dermatitis?

Answer 19

coal tar preparations

Question 20

what is the 2nd line treatment for this condition?

Answer 20

immunosuppressants by dermatologist -
topical tacrolimus

Question 21

inflammatory dermatitis with coin-like plaques composed of grouped small papules and vesicles on an erythematous/hyperpigmented base

Answer 21

nummular dermatitis

Question 22

where and when is nummular dermatitis more common in?

Answer 22

on the extremities during winter

Question 23

how long do nummular dermatitis flares last?

Answer 23

weeks to months

Question 24

a patient presents with these coin-like plaques with small papules on a hyperpigmented base. what is the diagnosis and treatment (2)?

Answer 24

nummular dermatitis

topical steroids - triamcinolone
desonide

Question 25

what is education for this skin condition?

Answer 25

bathe 1/day with gentle cleansers use hypoallergenic products wear cotton avoid scratching

Question 26

localized inflammation confined to areas exposed to environmental irritants

Answer 26

irritant contact dermatitis

Question 27

what part of the body is most affected by irritant contact dermatitis?

Answer 27

hands

Question 28

what are 3 predisposing factors of irritant contact dermatitis?

Answer 28

history of atopy winter months mechanical irritation

Question 29

a patient presents with these lesions of erythema, vesicles, bullae, scaling/flaking. what are they experiencing?

Answer 29

irritant contact dermatitis

Question 30

what is the diagnosis and treatment of this skin condition?

Answer 30

irritant contact dermatitis topical steroids

Question 31

what can be given in severe cases of irritant contact dermatitis?

Answer 31

oral steroids

Question 32

classic, delayed, cell-mediated hypersensitivity reaction and skin inflammation caused by re-exposure to a previously sensitized substance

Answer 32

allergic contact dermatitis

Question 33

a patient presents with well demarcated erythema and edema with superimposed closely spaced papules or vesicles at site of contact. what are they experiencing?

Answer 33

allergic contact dermatitis

Question 34

a patient presents with this skin condition. what is the diagnosis?

Answer 34

allergic contact dermatitis

Question 35

what is a diagnostic for allergic contact dermatitis?

Answer 35

patch test

Question 36

what does a positive patch test show for allergic contact dermatitis?

Answer 36

erythema and papules +/- vesicles within the patch site

Question 37

a patient presents with this skin lesion. what is the diagnosis and 1st line treatment?

Answer 37

allergic contact dermatitis topical steroids

Question 38

a patient presents with this skin condition on her eyelids. what is the diagnosis and 1st line treatment?

Answer 38

allergic contact dermatitis moisturizer

Question 39

common, chronic disorder with erythema and scaling, that occurs in regions where the sebaceous glands are most active

Answer 39

seborrheic dermatitis

Question 40

when seborrheic dermatitis is on the scalp, what is it called?

Answer 40

dandruff

Question 41

when are seborrheic dermatitis flares the worst?

Answer 41

in the fall

Question 42

what pathogen is involved in seborrheic dermatitis?

Answer 42

malassezia furfur (lipophilic yeast)

Question 43

a patient presents with gray-white skin, sharply demarcated with overlying patches. what is the diagnosis?

Answer 43

seborrheic dermatitis

Question 44

a patient presents with orange-red skin with white dry scaling overlying patches

Answer 44

seborrheic dermatitis

Question 45

a patient presents with gray-white, dry skin, sharply demarcated on their scalp. what is the diagnosis and treatment (3)?

Answer 45

seborrheic dermatitis antifungal ketoconazole selenium shampoo +/- topical corticosteroids

Question 46

a patient presents with orange-red sharply demarcated and greasy patches, macules, and papules. what is the diagnosis and treatment?

Answer 46

seborrheic dermatitis topical steroid + antifungal combo

Question 47

a patient presents with this skin condition. what is the diagnosis and treatment?

Answer 47

seborrheic dermatitis topical steroids + antifungal combo