Eczematous Disorders and Dermatitis Flashcards

1
Q

the result of local inflammation and chronic scratching

A

eczema

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2
Q

what is eczema known as?

A

“the itch that rashes”

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3
Q

which areas of the body does eczema commonly affect?

A

flexor regions + hands, nipples, and eyelids

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4
Q

what are 2 onsets of eczema?

A

present early in life
with geographic move

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5
Q

what do most patients with eczema have in their history? (2)

A

personal/family history of atopy
sensitive skin

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6
Q

erythematous, maculopapular rash that can include vesicles, weeping skin, plaques, excoriation, and lichenification

A

eczema

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7
Q

what are 5 disorders that can cause eczematous rash?

A

atopic dermatitis
nummular dermatitis
irritant contact dermatitis
allergic contact dermatitis
seborrheic dermatitis

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8
Q

skin disorder characterized by highly sensitive dry skin and pruritis

A

atopic dermatitis

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9
Q

what are common triggers for atopic dermatitis?

A

dust/pollen
food
seasonal temperature changes
clothing
stress

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10
Q

when are there increased flares of atopic dermatitis?

A

in winter months

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11
Q

a patient presents with varying demarcated erythematous/hyperpigmented patches, plaques, and lichenification +/- scale on the crease of the back of their knee. what are they experiencing?

A

atopic dermatitis

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12
Q

where is atopic dermatitis usually present on the body?

A

flexor surfaces

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13
Q

what other symptoms, besides skin findings, can be present in a patient with atopic dermatitis?

A

allergy-type symptoms

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14
Q

a patient presents with this in the crease of their antecubital space. what is the diagnosis?

A

atopic dermatitis

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15
Q

a patient presents with this in the crease of the back of their knee. what is the diagnosis?

A

atopic dermatitis

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16
Q

what is education for this skin condition? (4)

A

bathe 1/day with gentle cleansers
use hypoallergenic products
wear cotton
avoid scratching

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17
Q

what medication can be used to help with scratching in atopic dermatitis? (2)

A

hydroxyzine
diphenhydramine

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18
Q

what is the 1st line treatment for this skin condition? (2)

A

topical steroids -
triamcinolone
desonide

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19
Q

what may improve lichenification, itching, and scaling in atopic dermatitis?

A

coal tar preparations

20
Q

what is the 2nd line treatment for this condition?

A

immunosuppressants by dermatologist -
topical tacrolimus

21
Q

inflammatory dermatitis with coin-like plaques composed of grouped small papules and vesicles on an erythematous/hyperpigmented base

A

nummular dermatitis

22
Q

where and when is nummular dermatitis more common in?

A

on the extremities during winter

23
Q

how long do nummular dermatitis flares last?

A

weeks to months

24
Q

a patient presents with these coin-like plaques with small papules on a hyperpigmented base. what is the diagnosis and treatment (2)?

A

nummular dermatitis

topical steroids - triamcinolone
desonide

25
what is education for this skin condition?
bathe 1/day with gentle cleansers use hypoallergenic products wear cotton avoid scratching
26
localized inflammation confined to areas exposed to environmental irritants
irritant contact dermatitis
27
what part of the body is most affected by irritant contact dermatitis?
hands
28
what are 3 predisposing factors of irritant contact dermatitis?
history of atopy winter months mechanical irritation
29
a patient presents with these lesions of erythema, vesicles, bullae, scaling/flaking. what are they experiencing?
irritant contact dermatitis
30
what is the diagnosis and treatment of this skin condition?
irritant contact dermatitis topical steroids
31
what can be given in severe cases of irritant contact dermatitis?
oral steroids
32
classic, delayed, cell-mediated hypersensitivity reaction and skin inflammation caused by re-exposure to a previously sensitized substance
allergic contact dermatitis
33
a patient presents with well demarcated erythema and edema with superimposed closely spaced papules or vesicles at site of contact. what are they experiencing?
allergic contact dermatitis
34
a patient presents with this skin condition. what is the diagnosis?
allergic contact dermatitis
35
what is a diagnostic for allergic contact dermatitis?
patch test
36
what does a positive patch test show for allergic contact dermatitis?
erythema and papules +/- vesicles within the patch site
37
a patient presents with this skin lesion. what is the diagnosis and 1st line treatment?
allergic contact dermatitis topical steroids
38
a patient presents with this skin condition on her eyelids. what is the diagnosis and 1st line treatment?
allergic contact dermatitis moisturizer
39
common, chronic disorder with erythema and scaling, that occurs in regions where the sebaceous glands are most active
seborrheic dermatitis
40
when seborrheic dermatitis is on the scalp, what is it called?
dandruff
41
when are seborrheic dermatitis flares the worst?
in the fall
42
what pathogen is involved in seborrheic dermatitis?
malassezia furfur (lipophilic yeast)
43
a patient presents with gray-white skin, sharply demarcated with overlying patches. what is the diagnosis?
seborrheic dermatitis
44
a patient presents with orange-red skin with white dry scaling overlying patches
seborrheic dermatitis
45
a patient presents with gray-white, dry skin, sharply demarcated on their scalp. what is the diagnosis and treatment (3)?
seborrheic dermatitis antifungal ketoconazole selenium shampoo +/- topical corticosteroids
46
a patient presents with orange-red sharply demarcated and greasy patches, macules, and papules. what is the diagnosis and treatment?
seborrheic dermatitis topical steroid + antifungal combo
47
a patient presents with this skin condition. what is the diagnosis and treatment?
seborrheic dermatitis topical steroids + antifungal combo