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Dermatology > Intro > Flashcards

Intro Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

outer most portion of the skin made up of stratified squamous epithelium

A

epidermis

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2
Q

what 3 types of cells does the epidermis contain?

A

melanocytes
langerhans cells
merkel cells

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3
Q

immune system cells

A

langerhans cells

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4
Q

mechanoreceptors

A

merkel cells

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5
Q

layer under the epidermis that consists of connective tissues

A

dermis

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6
Q

layer of the skin that contains nerves, sweat glands, oil glands, hair follicles, an vasculature

A

dermis

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7
Q

in creating a list of differential diagnoses, what do we want to focus on? (4)

A

most likely
most deadly
most common
zebras

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8
Q

directly caused by the disorder, results from previously normal skin

A

primary lesion

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9
Q

skin changes due to primary lesion, indirectly caused by the disorder

A

secondary lesion

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10
Q

what is a secondary lesion usually created by?

A

scratching or chronic inflammation

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11
Q

flat, non-palpable primary lesion that is 1cm or less

A

macule

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12
Q

flat, non-palpable primary lesion that is larger than 1 cm

A

patch

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13
Q

elevated, solid primary lesion that is 1cm or less

A

papule

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14
Q

elevated, solid primary lesion that is larger than 1cm

A

plaque

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15
Q

elevated, solid, deep into dermal tissues, greater than 2cm

A

nodule

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16
Q

irregular, edematous papule or plaque

A

wheal

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17
Q

primary lesion that is filled with fluid or blood and is less than 1 cm (can be thought of as a small blister)

A

vesicle

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18
Q

primary lesion that is filled with fluid or blood and is larger than 1 cm (can be thought of as a big blister)

A

bullae

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19
Q

primary lesion that is pus filled and is 1cm or less

A

pustule

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20
Q

primary lesion that is filled with keratin, oils, adipose, fats and is larger than 1 cm

A

cyst

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21
Q

primary lesion that is an infected cyst

A

abscess

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22
Q

secondary lesion that is loss of superficial epidermis

A

erosion

23
Q

what is an example of an erosion?

A

sunburn that is peeling

24
Q

secondary lesion that presents with a defect in epidermis and dermis due to loss of tissue

A

ulcer

25
Q

secondary lesion that is a linear, sharply defined, deep crack into the dermis of the skin (dry)

A

fissure

26
Q

secondary lesion that is a loss of dermis and subcutaneous tissue while the outermost layer of the epidermis stays intact

A

atrophy

27
Q

secondary lesion that is linear or punctate, superficial, erosions in the skin caused by fingernails or sharp objects

A

excoriation

28
Q

secondary lesion that is buildup of yellow, brown, black, or green surface deposits caused by serum, pus, or blood.

A

crust

29
Q

secondary lesion that is loose or adherent flakes of outermost stratum corneum cells - gives a silver-ish or white coloration

A

scale

30
Q

secondary lesion that is thickening of the epidermis with accentuation of skin markings

A

lichenification

31
Q

secondary lesion that is a black, hard crust resulting from tissue necrosis of the epidermis or dermis

A

eschar

32
Q

secondary lesion that is a depressed or elevated proliferation of connective tissue that has replaced inflamed or traumatized skin

A

scar

33
Q

describes the definition of the lesion’s border (how well defined is it? is there a clear border?)

A

demarcation

34
Q

what color will a patient in the fitzpatrick skin phototype of I-II, have with erythematous changes?

A

red or pink

35
Q

what color will a patient in the fitzpatrick skin phototype of IV-VI, have with erythematous changes? (2)

A

reddened
hyperpigmented

36
Q

reddened color to the skin likely to be from inflammation or infection (blanching with pressure)

A

erythema

37
Q

redness due to extravasation of blood from cutaneous vessels into skin or mucous membranes; does not blanch with pressure

A

purpura

38
Q

small, pinpoint purpuric macules

A

petechiae

39
Q

what serious conditions can purpura represent? (2)

A

hemolytic
vasculitis

40
Q

ring shaped with variation in appearance between the center and periphery of the lesion called “central clearing”

A

annular

41
Q

arc or bow shaped, may be a portion of a annular lesion
looks like a half circle

A

arcuate

42
Q

target-like with at least 3 distinct zones: central disk, peripheral pale ring, and erythematous halo

A

targetoid

43
Q

central indentation; looks like it has an umbilicus

A

umbilicated

44
Q

lesions are separated from one another

A

discrete

45
Q

lesions are clustered next to each other

A

grouped

46
Q

small lesions combined to create larger affected area

A

confluent

47
Q

lesions isolated to area(s) of the body

A

localized

48
Q

lesions dispersed everywhere

A

generalized

49
Q

lesions distributed along a dermatome

A

dermatomal

50
Q

thin straight line of lesions

A

linear

51
Q

wave or snake-like lesions

A

serpiginous

52
Q

lace or net-like lesions

A

reticular

53
Q

uniform distribution on both sides of the body

A

symmetrical

54
Q

lesions localized in areas of sunlight exposure

A

photo-distributed

Dermatology (15 decks)

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