Fungal & Parasitic Infections Flashcards
superficial mucocutaneous yeast infection
candidiasis
a patient presents with pruritis/burning sensation, denuded, beefy red areas of infection. They have a well demarcated patch with satellite lesions + whitish curd-like substance. what are they likely experiencing?
candidiasis
a patient presents with pruritis/burning sensation, denuded, beefy red areas of infection. They have a well demarcated patch with satellite lesions + whitish curd-like substance. how do we diagnose this?
KOH prep
what are seen in a KOH prep of candidiasis?
clusters of budding yeast and pseudohyphae
what is the treatment for oral thrush in infants?
nystatin
what is the diagnosis and the 2 treatment options?
localized candidiasis
nystatin
miconazole
what is the treatment for vulvar or anal candidiasis?
fluconazole
fungus capable of infecting dead keratinized cutaneous structures
dermatophyte
what increases the risk for dermatophyte infection and proliferation? (2)
immune compromise
steroid use
how to diagnose a dermatophyte? (2)
KOH prep - budding yeast and pseudohyphae
wood’s lamp exam - blue green color
a 30 yo patient presents with dry and scaly lesions on the head and beard. what is the diagnosis (2) and treatment options (4)?
tinea capitis
tinea barbae
ORAL:
griseofulvin
terbinafine
fluconazole
itraconazole
annular/arcuate lesion that has a raised border with central clearing that is also called “ring worm”. what is the diagnosis? what is the preferred treatment?
tinea corporis
terbinafine - 2cm margin for 7 days after resolution
dry scaling of the skin and macerated + damp skin in web spaces of the hands and feet. what is the diagnosis and treatment?
tinea manuum and pedis
topical terbinafine
infection of the nail that becomes thick, yellow and brittle. what is the diagnosis and treatment?
tinea unguium
oral terbinafine
infection of the groin area also called Jock Itch, that presents as annular, scaly plaques, usually with a demarcated edge and central clearing with possible scaling. what is the diagnosis and treatment (2)?
tinea cruris
topical terbinafine + drying powder
what is the treatment for dermatophytes in children?
griseofulvin
lipophillic yeast that is part of the skin’s normal flora, infection occurs during periods of overpopulation
tinea versicolor
what is the etiology of tinea versicolor? (2)
malassezia furfur
M globosa
what triggers tinea versicolor? (2)
hot months
topical lipids (cocoa butter)
a patient presents with well-demarcated patches with fine scale that becomes accentuated when skin is scratched or stretched. what is the diagnosis and treatment (2)?
tinea versicolor
selenium shampoo
oral fluconazole x 2 doses 14 days apart
what is pediculosis pubis often considered?
an STI
pediculosis capitus/corporis/pubis
lice
a patient presents with pruritis, small erythematous lesions on their body from feeding. what is the diagnosis and 3 treatment options?
pediculosis corporis
topical permethrin, pyrethrin, malathion
what should be used to treat pediculosis pubis on the eyelashes?
petroleum jelly for 8 days
what is the etiology of scabies?
sarcoptes scabiei
a patient presents with intense pruritis, lesions found in web spaces of body, erythematous papules with burrows + skin scaling and thickening. what is the diagnosis and first line treatment?
scabies
permethrin - leave on for 8-14 hours
what is the treatment for severe scabies?
topical or oral ivermectin
what can be used to treat pruritis of scabies? (2)
diphenhydramine
hydroxyzine
