Neoplasms

Question 1

what is the leading cause of death due to skin disease, responsible for 80% of deaths from skin cancer?

Answer 1

melanoma

Question 2

what is the most important prognostic factor in melanoma?

Answer 2

tumor thickness

Question 3

what is the gold standard for diagnosis and treatment for melanoma?

Answer 3

full-thickness excisional biopsy

Question 4

what is the preferred method of excision of a melanoma?

Answer 4

mohs surgery

Question 5

what kind of biopsy must be done for a melanoma any thickness over 1cm?

Answer 5

sentinel node biopsy (lymph node)

Question 6

removal of tumor followed by immediate frozen section histopathologic exam of margins

Answer 6

mohs surgery

Question 7

what are the six signs of malignant melanoma?

Answer 7

Asymmetry
Border is irregular
Color is not uniform
Diameter over 6mm + ugly duckling
Elevation is irregular, Evolving + Enlargement

Question 8

what can be used to determine a melanoma is over 6mm in diameter?

Answer 8

tip of pencil eraser

Question 9

what is the most common type of skin cancer?

Answer 9

basal cell carcinoma

Question 10

what kind of exposure is directly related to the development of basal cell carcinoma?

Answer 10

UV light

Question 11

a patient presents with a papule/nodule that has a waxy, pearly look with telangiectasias. what is the diagnosis and treatment?

Answer 11

basal cell carcinoma

mohs surgery

Question 12

what diagnostic can be used to confirm this skin lesion? what’s the diagnosis?

Answer 12

shave or punch biopsy

basal cell carcinoma

Question 13

a patient presents with this nodule that has black spots and is waxy, pearly in appearance + telangiectasias. what is the diagnosis and treatment?

Answer 13

basal cell carcinoma

mohs surgery

Question 14

diagnosis and treatment?

Answer 14

superficial basal cell carcinoma

imiquimod cream

Question 15

squamous cell carcinoma may evolve from what?

Answer 15

actinic keratosis

Question 16

a patient presents with erythematous, rough conical hard nodules that ulcerate with central necrosis. what is the diagnosis and treatment?

Answer 16

squamous cell carcinoma

mohs surgery

Question 17

what diagnostic can be used to confirm the diagnosis? what’s the diagnosis?

Answer 17

shave or punch biopsy

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 18

a small (less than 6mm) macule or papule with a well-defined border and homogenous beige-pink-dark brown pigment

Answer 18

benign mole

Question 19

what is a normal mole called?

Answer 19

melanocytic nevi

Question 20

flat, brown lesion mole

Answer 20

junctional nevi

Question 21

mole that becomes raised and palpable (papular)

Answer 21

compound nevi

Question 22

a patient presents with this skin lesion. what is the likely diagnosis? what intervention can be done?

Answer 22

melanocytic nevi

derm for removal (cosmetic)

Question 23

a patient presents with a papular, slightly elevated blue-black lesion. what is the diagnosis?

Answer 23

blue nevi

Question 24

what patients are blue nevi most common in?

Answer 24

asian descent

Question 25

occurs due to excessive response to a dermal injury; local fibroblast proliferation and overproduction of collagen

Answer 25

keloid

Question 26

a patient presents with this skin lesion. what is the diagnosis and treatment?

Answer 26

keloid

derm - intralesional steroid injection

Question 27

a patient presents with this mole that is large (over 6mm), has an irregular border, and irregularly distributed pigmentation. what is the diagnosis and treatment?

Answer 27

atypical nevi

surgical excision of lesion + narrow margins

Question 28

what must be done with a surgical excision of atypical nevi?

Answer 28

sent for histology