Skin conditions Flashcards
peripheral atery disease
when arteries in the legs and arms are narrowed because of build up of plaque
symptoms of PAD
Coolness
paleness
diminished/absent pedal pulses
shiny and hairless
key signs of PAD
intermitted claudification
pain when walking, exersising
pain when lifting legs
arterial ulcer
skin ulcer due to arterial ischemia
looks like:
- ulcer is pale
- clearly demarcated
- dry
- necrotic
Risk factors of Arterial ulcer
risk factors = periperal artery disease, thrombus
Treatment for arterial ulcer
treatment:
angioplasty
amputation
debridement
venous ulcer
skin breakdown due to veins not functioning properly
S+S
- darkened skin
- itchy skin
- wound is shallow, irregular shape and not demarcated
- exudate
treatment:
compression, absorbent dressing and elevate leg
pressure ulcers
start from - compressing ateries leading to ischemia
stage 1 of pressure ulcer
stage 1- red, blanchable skin, skin unbroken
stage 2 skin ulcer
epidermis is broken
stage 3
broken down to muscle and tissue, can see bone, tendons and ligaments
unstagable pressure ulcer
either stage 3 or 4. but can not tell because of slough
deep tissue injury
still have dermis, skin not broken, purplish
risk factors of pressure injury
poor sensory perception
moisture
poor activity
poor nutrition
friction and shear
treatment and prevention of pressure ulcer
wound care and debridement
prevention:
turn and repositions hourly
pressure mattress
cellulities
infection to the dermis, or subcutaneous layer
risk factor of cellulitis and treatment
obesity
venous ulcers
moisture
autoimmune disease
diabetes
treatment:
antibiotics and elevate leg
squamous cell cacinoma
in the epidermis
risk factors:
sun exposure
green or blue eyes
blonde or red hair
50+ age
male
burns
this cancer metastisizes
signs and symptoms
irregular boarder
bleeds easily
red skin
papule
basal cell cacinoma
base of the epidermis - hair follicules
same risk factors as squamous cell cacinoma
main places
- scalp
- neck
- shoulders
- hands
doesnt metastisize quickly
melanoma
risk factors:
sun exposure
very highly metastic
mole vs melanoma (ABCs)
A = asymmertry
B= boarder
C= colour
D= diameter
E= evolving
