antimicrobials

Question 1

antimicrobials

Answer 1

general name for all medication that either kill microrganisms directly or help the body kill them

Question 2

selective toxicity

Answer 2

the drug choose or act in a way that is harmful to the bacteria while not affecting cells

Question 3

resistant bacteria

Answer 3

have a protein that break the beta lactom ring
how to kill a resistant bacteria = add a second antibiotic that disables the protein that cuts up the beta lactamine

Question 4

problems with antibiotics

Answer 4

allergy causing anaphylaxis
cross reactivity
thrust/diarrhea

Question 5

emergency treatment of infection

Answer 5

1. act fast, act broad - take vital signs and stabalise them.
   give broad spectrum antibiotics
2. results come back, possible change
   - recess the antibiotics and maybe change from broad to narrow antibiotics

Question 6

vancomycin

Answer 6

save this for a resistant bacteria

must be given IV - save for things like sepsis

it has a really small theraputic range (small areas between effective and toxic. have to get the dose right)

draw a peak and a trough labs:
- draw bloods after giving the loading dose, to see if they have the right amount of medication in their system.
- draw again 30min/1hr before giving the next dose
- monitor the patients kidney function

Question 7

what is red man syndrome

Answer 7

toxic vancomycin
when your body as a massive histamine relsease. and the body starts to swell up, a rash forms as well as a fever and itchyness

Question 8

what is extravasation

Answer 8

medicine that goes into the tissues

vancomycin can kill muscles and tissues
- raise arm
- draw a circle around the area
- stop the antibiotics
- aspirate the tissue

• always flsuh first before administering IV antibiotics

Question 9

what are antivirals

Answer 9

always end in vir
dont usually give them for acute infections
chronic = cocktail - mix of multiple antivirals