Skin concepts Flashcards
Give some brief details of the integument – size, weight, thickness
The integument is about 2 square meters(22 square feet) and weighs 10-11lbs, making about 16% of body weight. It’s 0.5-4mm in thickness, the thickest on heels, and thinnest on eyelids.
Identify the integument as one of the 4 key membranes of the body – specifically describe which part of the integument makes up that membrane type.
The integument is made of a cutaneous membrane, making up the entire outer covering of the body.
Describe how the skin contributes to the protection
The epidermis of the skin, specifically the stratum corneum and stratum lucidum, gives the body protection as it’s packed with keratin, lipids, melanin, macrophages, and sebum. Keratin is a protein that creates the skin, fighting off invasions of foreign particles and healing wounds. Lipids create a waterproof seal around the keratinocytes. Melanin protects the body from UV rays and sebum softens skin and destroys bacteria.
Describe how the skin contributes to the regulation of body temperature
The skin contributes to the regulation of body temperature through capillaries found in the dermis. When the body is overheating, the capillaries dilate(open blood vessels) to the superficial of the skin to diffuse out of the body. When the body temperature is too low, the capillaries constrict to prioritize core organs being vascularized. Sweat also regulates body temperature. Sweat, when it evaporates, cools the skin.
Describe how the skin contributes to the regulation of sensation
The skin contributes to sensation through the corpuscle of touch in the papillary dermis, the lamellated corpuscle in the reticular dermis, and free nerve endings. They sense pain, itching, irritation, pressure, and temperature change.
Describe how the skin contributes to excretion and absorption
Excretion and absorption take place in the epithelium of the skin. Sweat is excreted through the epithelium layer. Any lipid-soluble compounds may be absorbed into the skin, such as vitamin D for example.
Describe how the skin contributes to the storage of blood
The skin carries about 10% of the total blood volume. When inflicted with severe blood loss, the blood may be taken from the skin back to the core to sustain the heart rate.
Describe how the skin contributes to the synthesis of vitamin D
The UV rays needed in Vitamin D synthesis go through the integumentary system and trigger molecules that create vitamin D.
compare and contrast the cutaneous membrane to the mucous membranes of the body.
The cutaneous membrane is the external covering of the body, basically our skin. The mucous membranes of our body are the membranes that line body cavities that open to the outside, like our nose and mouth.
What are the three layers of the integumentary system and identify some examples of where the 4 tissue types are found within those I.S. layers
Epidermis (epithelial tissue, keratinized stratified squamous cells in S. Corneum)
Dermis (Connective tissue(dense irregular), nervous(corpuscle of touch), and muscle tissue(arrector pili))
Subcutaneous(areolar/adipose connective tissue)
List the 8 total (5 epidermal, 2 dermal & one hypodermal) layers of the IS from superficial to deep
Epidermal:
S. Corneum
S. Lucidum
S.Granulosome
S. Spinosum
S.Basale
Dermal:
Papillary Dermis
Reticular Dermis
SubQ:
Subcutaneous Layer
Role of Cutaneous membrane
help protect the rest of the body’s tissues and organs from physical damage such as abrasions, chemical damage such as detergents, and biological damage from microorganisms
Name the 7 or so “parts of the I.S.”, starting with the skin & including some accessories structures.
Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous, hair, nail, sebaceous glands, and sudoriferous glands
What are the location, role, and tissue type of the epidermis
Location: Above the dermis
Role: Protection barrier, provides touch sensation, melanin to color skin
Tissue Type: Epithelial tissue
What are the location, role, and tissue type of the dermis
Location: Below the epidermis
Role: support and protect the skin and deeper layers, assist in thermoregulation, and aid in sensation.
Tissue Type: Connective tissue, nervous, and muscle tissue
