Skin and Nail Pathology Flashcards
Where is the germinal matrix located?
Proximal to the lunula
Where is the sterile matrix found?
Distal to lunula
The sterile matrix contributes to what type of nail growth?
Thickness by adding squamous cells
The germinal matrix contributes to what type of nail growth?
90% of nail growth by epithelial cells
What is the paronychium?
Skin on the side of the nail
What is eponychium?
Skin proximal to the nail
What is the hypochonium?
Skin distal to the nail
What is onychomycosis?
nail fungus
What is paronychia?
infection of skin around the nail
What is onychocryptosis?
Ingrown nail
What causes onychomycosis?
- Dermatophyte fungi (60%) - T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes
- Non-Dermatophyte fungi (20%) - Acremonium and fusarium
- Yeast (19%)
What are the different types of onychomycosis?
- Distal subungual (90%)
- Superficial white (10%)
- Proximal subungual
- Candida
What is tinea pedis?
Athlete’s foot
HIV infection is commonly linked with which nail pathology?
proximal subungual onychomycosis
What are the different diagnostic tests for onychomycosis?
- Dermatophyte test medium (DTM)
- Potassium Hydroxide Prep (KOH)
- Fungal culture
- PAS stain
What is this pathology, and how is it formed?
habit tic deformity; habitual external trauma to the nail matrix
What is this pathology, and how is it formed?
koilonychia; iron deficiency anemia
What is this pathology, and how is it formed?
Mee’s lines; arsenic poisoning, renal failure, chemotherapy
What is this pathology, and how is it formed?
onychomadesis; chemotherapy
What is this pathology, and what is this a sign of?
Hutchinson’s sign; subungual melanoma
