Orthotics, Braces, and Shoes Flashcards
List 2 types of prescription orthotics
accommodative and functional
What is Root Theory?
Structural deformities lead to altered foot function, which leads to compensation, which leads to pathology
During which phase of the gait cycle should the STJ be in neutral?
Midstance
When does the midstance phase occur?
At forefoot loading
Which position should the foot be when making a negative cast?
STJ neutral and midtarsal joint maximally pronated
What are the features of a functional orthotic?
**controls joint motion
**rigid/semi-rigid
**restricts forces acting on foot
**shell ends proximal to the met heads
**top cover optional
On a functional orthotic, where does the shell end?
Proximal to the met heads
What are the features of an accomodative orthotic?
**No joint motion control
**Redistributive forces
**Usually softer materials
**Full length
**Top cover needed
Which type of orthotic requires a top cover?
accommodative orthotic
On an accommodative orthotic, where does the shell end?
full length
What is the general idea of the tissue stress theory?
It is based on the patient’s CC. It takes the pathology/structure into account in the beginning and then design the orthotic.
What is the difference between a functional and accommodative prescriptive orthotic?
Accommodative reduces stress and strain to areas that are being injured
How do you address sheer force in an orthotic?
with layers
Explain the difference between intrinsic vs extrinsic posting orthoses.
Intrinsic posting involves modifying the orthotic itself, whereas extrinsic posting involves adding separate components to the bottom surface of the orthotic or shoe. Extrinsic posting offers greater flexibility for adjustments and modifications compared to intrinsic posting.
What is the gold standard for orthoses?
Slipper cast (negative cast)
When adding a rearfoot post to an orthotic, where should it not extend to?
it should not pass the calcanealcuboid joint
An orthotic arch should not ___ or limit the motion of the 1st MTPJ.
dorsiflex
What plane of motion should occur with orthotics?
frontal plane motion (inversion/eversion to control function)
When making a negative cast, the hallux should be in which position?
dorsiflexed or neutral; never plantarflexed
What should you look for in the 5th digit position of the negative cast?
Need to make sure the proximal phalanx of 5th digit is parallel to 5th met shaft
