Skin

Question 1

intercellular oedema

Answer 1

spongiosis

Question 2

decreased cohesions between keratinocytews

Answer 2

acantholysis

Question 3

linear pattern of melanocyte proliferation within epidermal basal cell layer

Answer 3

lentiginous

Question 4

a group of disorders presenting with inflamed, dry, itchy rashes.
histology shows spongiosis and inflammatory inflitrates in the dermis in acute disease
and acanthosis, crusting and scaling in chronic disease.

Answer 4

Dermatitis/eczema

Question 5

dermatitis seen in infanrs on the face/scal and in older pts on flexor surfaces. can cause lichenification if chronic

Answer 5

atopic dermatitis

Question 6

type IV hypersensitivty dermatitis causing erythema, swelling and pruritis on contact with triggers

Answer 6

contact dermatitis

Question 7

inflammatory reaction to a yeast - Malassezia - leading to large yellow scales in infants or mild erythema, mild scaling and pruritis on the face, eyebrown and eyelid of young adults.

Answer 7

seborrhoeic dermatitis

Question 8

well demarcated red scaly plawues with silver scale affecting the extensor aspect of knees. can cause auspitz sign.

Answer 8

plaque psoriais

Question 9

koebnor phenomenon

Answer 9

psoriatic lesions form at the site of traima

Question 10

rain drop plaque dustribultion, often in children and can be seen 2 weeks post strep throat

Answer 10

guttate psoriasis

Question 11

severe widespread diease with systemic symptoms. can be limited to the hands and feet.

Answer 11

erythrodermic/pustular psoriasis

Question 12

nail changes in psoriasis

Answer 12

pitting
subungal hyperkeratosis
onycholysis

Question 13

histology showing saw toothing of the rete ridges and basal cell degeneration

Answer 13

lichen planus

Question 14

annular target lesions commonly on the extensor surfaces of the hands and feet. pleomorphic lesions -macules, papules, weals, vesicles…

Answer 14

erythema multiforme1

Question 15

histology showing parakeratosis, clubbing of the rete ridges (test tube in rack appearance), munros microabcesses.

Answer 15

psoraisis

Question 16

pruritic, purple, polygonal papules nad plaques with a mother of pearl sheen and wickams white line striae.

Answer 16

lichen planus

Question 17

causes of erythema multiforme

Answer 17

1. infection - HIV, mycoplasma

2. drugs - SNAPP - sulfonamides, nsaids, allopurinol, penicillin, phenytoin

Question 18

IgG abs to the hemidesmosomes of the BM

Answer 18

pemphigoiD — hemiDesmosomes

Question 19

desmoglyin abs

Answer 19

bullous foliaceus

Question 20

intraepidermal, superficial bullae form due to IgG abs against the desmosomal e-cadherin

Answer 20

PemphiguS

superficial

Question 21

large tense bullae on erythematous base, often on forearms, groin and axilla. Flexor surfaces. elderly pts.

Answer 21

pemphigoid

Question 22

easily rupture billae on skin and mucosal membrane. histology shows a netlike pattern of intercellular IgG deposits

Answer 22

pemphiguS

Question 23

acantholysis and destruction of e-cadherins

Answer 23

pemphiguS

Question 24

itchy vesicles found on extensor surfaces of the elows and buttocks, assocaited with coeliac disease

Answer 24

dermamtitis hepetiformis

Question 25

IgA abs to the basement membrane causing subepidermal bullae

Answer 25

dermatitis herpetiformis

Question 26

bullous diseas causing the stratum corneum to come off

Answer 26

foliaceus (the roof)1

Question 27

rough, waxy, stuck on appearance. histology shows horn cysts and thickening of basal keratinocytes

Answer 27

seborrhoeic keratosis

Question 28

rouch sandpaper like scaly lesions of sun exposed areas, histology shows solar elastosis, atypia/dysplasia, parakeratosis

Answer 28

actinokeratosis

Question 29

flat red scaly patches on sun exposed surfaces. histology shows full thickness atypia/dysplasia but the BM is still intact

Answer 29

Bowen's disease | SCC in situ

Question 30

red scaly patches on the skin and spreading through the BM into the dermis. can wrap around nervers and cause damage..

Answer 30

SCC

Question 31

Slow growing tumour that is locally destructive., pearly with telangiectasia and central ulceration/punctum. rolled edge.

Answer 31

BCC

Question 32

subepidermal bullae with eopsinophils. immunofluorescence shows a linear deposition pattern of IgG + C3 along the BM

Answer 32

Pemphigoid | DDx - drug reaction, but wouldnt have C3.

Question 33

breslow thickness

Answer 33

prognostication factor for melanoma

Question 34

in what direction do the melanocytes migrate as they mature?

Answer 34

dwon - deeper into the skin. | keratinocytes move upwards

Question 35

pagetoid spread

Answer 35

upwards migration and enlargement of melanocytes, as seen in melanoma

Question 36

melanoma in sun exposed areas, common in elderly, flat slow growing black lesion

Answer 36

lentigo maligna

Question 37

irregular borders and variation in colour melanoma

Answer 37

superficial spreadingq

Question 38

melanoma common in young

Answer 38

nodular malignant melanoma

Question 39

melanoma occuring on the palms soles and subungal areas

Answer 39

acral lentiginous

Question 40

herald patch

Answer 40

pityriasis rosea

Question 41

nikolsky sign psotive

Answer 41

SJS/TEN

Question 42

sheets of skin detachment in <10% of body surface

Answer 42

SJS

Question 43

sheets of skin detachment in >30% of body surface

Answer 43

TEN

Question 44

common cause of SJS/TEN

Answer 44

Drugs - sulfonaminds, anticonvulsants, allopurinol. | AAS

Question 45

suspicious skin lesion, histology shows buckshot appearance and mitotic figures

Answer 45

melanoma