Skill Acquisition - Types of methods of practice Flashcards
What is part practice?
Working on one part of a skill
When is part practice used?
Used with low organisation skills and complex dangerous skills
Why is part practice used?
Allows the performer to gain confidence and make sense of skill
Give an example of part practice:
Only practicing the back swing in tennis serve
What is whole practice?
Skills being learnt as a whole
When is whole practice used?
Used with high organisation skills that need to be taught as a whole
Why is whole practice used?
Allows the performer to gain a kin aesthetic feel
Give an example of whole practice:
dribbling basketball
What is whole-part-whole practice?
Practicing the whole skill, then isolating a sub-routine and then practicing the whole skill again
When is whole-part-whole used?
Where sub-routine as distinct such has low organisation skills and serial skills
Why is whole-part-whole used?
To correct specific skill errors
Give an example of whole-part-whole:
Practice whole swimming stroke, then isolating the leg kick using a float and then practicing the whole skill again
What is progressive-part practice?
Learns separate sub-routines in order and links them together
When is progressive-part practice used?
Used with complex skills, low organisation skills and serial skills
Why is progressive-part practice used?
Allows performer to appreciate the links of the skill and transfer into whole skill
Give an example of progressive-part practice:
Triple jump, learning hop then skip then jump
What is massed practice?
Practice sessions involving no rest intervals
When is massed practice used?
Good for discrete skills and highly motivated performers with good fitness levels
Why is massed practice used?
To groove the skill and when coach wants to simulate elements of fatigue
Give an example of massed practice:
Shooting basketball around the key
What is distributed practice?
Practice sessions with rest intervals
When is distributed practice used?
Used with continuous skills and beginners, low level motivation and fitness performers
Why is distributed practice used?
Allows performer to receive feedback and helps maintain motivation. Also used for complex skills
Give an example of distributed practice:
Swimmer swims a width and rests while teacher gives feedback
What is fixed practice?
A movement pattern is practiced repeatedly in a stable environment
When is fixed practice used?
Used with closed skills which need to be over learnt
Why is fixed practice used?
Allows skills is become automatic and used in skills where environment never changes
Give an example of fixed practice:
Discus thrower practicing in the same circle using the same weight
What is varied practice?
When a skill is practiced in many different environments
When is varied practice used?
With open skills and where practice conditions must be as realistic as possible
Why is varied practice used?
Allows development of skill in long term memory and improves performer’s perceptual and decision-making skills
Give an example of varied practice:
Basketball scrimmage where performer can work on passing, shooting, positional play and strategy
