Skill Acquisition - Learning Theories Flashcards
What is the associationist approach?
A individual is conditioned by stimuli which are ‘connected’ or ‘bonded’ to appropriate responses
What is operant conditioning?
Learning through rewards
The associationist view is that it is a trial and error learning process
What is an example of operant conditioning?
Coach tells players to shoot in top right of the football goal. If done so they’re rewarded and this helps strengthen the link
What is Thorndike’s laws?
Law of exercise
Law of effect
Law of readiness
What is the definition of the Law of exercise?
repeating exercise strengthens reinforcement
What is the definition of Law of effect?
If following reaction is good, S-R bond is strengthened
If following reaction is bad, S-R bond is weakened
What is the definition of Law of readiness?
Individuals learn better when they’re physically and mentally ready to learn
What is an example of law of exercise?
repeated dribbling exercise strengthens s-r bond
What is an example of law of effect?
positive comments about dribbling strengthens s-r bonds
negative comments about dribbling weakens s-r bonds
What is an example of law of readiness?
If a performer is injured they may not be able to dribble effectively
What is the cognitive theory of learning?
insight learning
Learning is best achieved by first learning the basic mechanics of movement first. Learner will assess the whole situation first and base action on intelligence of current situation and past experience
What is an example of cognitive theory of learning?
A cricketer learns to hit a ball by first learning the mechanics of movement
What is the social learning theory?
Process involves attention, retention, motor reproduction and motivation. It is copying from others of high status and same gender
What is an example of social learning theory?
A young football player may copy a role model on TV - this could be positive sportsmanship or aggressive behaviour
