Skeleton Flashcards
Draw a diagram of the skeleton
.
What do skeletons provide?
Support, protection of internal organs and a rigid frame for movement.
How many bones in the skeleton? How many parts of the skeleton and what are they called?
The human skeleton has 206 bones, which can be divided into two parts: axial and appendicular.
What are the parts of the axial skeleton?
Axial skeleton - skull, ribs (12 pairs), sternum (breastbone) and vertebrae (backbone).
What are the parts of the appendicular skeleton?
Appendicular skeleton - pectoral and pelvic girdles, and their attached limbs (arms and legs)
What is the spine and how many bones in it?
The spine (vertebral column, backbone) is a series of 33 bones (vertebrae).
Name the parts of the spine with amounts of vertebrae
Cervical (7), Thoracic (12), Lumbar (5), Sacrum (5, fused), Coccyx (tailbone) (4 fused)
What are the main parts of the appendicular skeleton 1?
pectoral girdle and attached limb (arm)
What is the other name for collar bone?
clavicl
What is the other name for shoulder blade?
scapula
What is the name for the bones in your hands?
carpals and metacarpals
What are the main parts of the appendicular skeleton 2?
pelvic girdle, attached limb (leg)
What is another name for knee cap?
patella
What is another name for thigh bone?
femur
What is a name for the bones in the foot?
tarsals and metatarsals
What does a long bone contain?
A long bone contains a hollow centre region called the medullary cavity, containing yellow bone marrow that stores fat.
What is the periosteum
The periosteum is a tough fibrous layer surrounding each bone.
What covers the tips of bones in joints and what does it do?
Cartilage covers the tips of bones in joints, reducing friction, and acting as a shock absorber.
What are the main parts of a long bone?
head x2 and shaft
What covers the ends of a long bone?
cartilage
Draw a diagram of a long bone
.
What type of bone is in the head of a long bone and what is its function?
Spongy bone with red marrow (makes red blood cells)
What types of bone are in the shaft of a long bone?
Compact bone (hard) and spongy bone with yellow marrow (mainly fat)
What does compact bone consist of?
Compact bone consists of living cells (osteocytes) embedded in a matrix of calcium salts and a protein called collagen.
What is compact bone and where is it found?
Compact bone is very dense and is found mainly at the outer edge of bones
What does spongy bone consist of?
Spongy bone consists of a network of thin, bony columns and plates along with spaces filled with marrow [red or yellow]
What does spongy bone give to bones?
It gives moderate strength to bones but makes them lighter.
What does red marrow do?
Red marrow makes blood cells (red, white and platelets).
What is a joint?
A joint is where the two bones meet
What do ligaments do?
Ligaments hold the bones together at joints
How many types of joints are there and name them?
There are three main types of joint: immovable, partially movable and movable.